安徽省某地区人群高血压危险因素定量评价研究  

Quantitative assessment of risk factors for hypertension in a population from an area of Anhui Province

作　　者：郭亮亮[1] 苏虹[1] 许祥青 彭美玲[1] 范冬冬[1] 周洋洋[1] 宋健[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]马鞍山市花山区卫生局,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2013年第11期930-933,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：安徽医科大学七年制临床医学专业"早期接触科研"训练计划立项(2011-ZQKY-05)

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省某地区人群的高血压危险因素并进行定量评价,建立高血压危险因素定量评估模型,为预测个体高血压发病危险奠定基础。方法选择18周岁及以上人群,将患有高血压的971例作为病例组,未患高血压的3 655例作为对照组,进行Logistic回归分析,得到各危险因素的比值比(odds ratio,OR)。利用统计学模型将不同暴露水平的危险因素转化为危险分数,以计算综合危险分数。结果 Logistic逐步回归分析显示,男性高血压主要危险因素包括高盐膳食、年龄大、过量饮酒、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)偏大、家庭人数少和腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)偏大,其中危险性较高的前3位(不包括年龄)是BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(OR=7.539)、过量饮酒(OR=1.965)和高盐膳食(OR=1.641),对应的危险分数分别为2.925、1.560和1.467;女性高血压主要危险因素包括高盐膳食、年龄大、过量饮酒、BMI偏大和WHR偏大,其中危险性较高的前3位(不包括年龄)是BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(OR=4.320),高盐膳食(OR=1.661)和过量饮酒(OR=1.597),对应的危险分数分别为2.324、1.516和1.501。结论根据人群危险因素建立的高血压危险因素定量评估模型,能够指导个体定量评价自身高血压危险因素,使得自我评估、自我监测、自我保健更具可行性。Objective To analyze and make quantity evaluation of the risk factors for hypertension, to build quan- titative model for risk factors of hypertension in an area of Anhui Province, and to lay the foundation for predicting the risk of hypertension for individuals. Methods 971 cases and 3 655 controls aged over 18 years were chosen from residents in this area. The odds ratios of risk factors for hypertension were worked out by Logistic regression analysis. Different levels of risk exposure factors would be converted into risk scores by using a statistical model, then the related risk scores were add- ed to obtain a combined risk score. Results Logistic stepwise regression showed the main risk factors for hypertension. For men, 6 risk factors were included, which were over-intake of salt, elder, excessive drinking, high BMI, less family size, high WHR, the three leading risk factors （ exclusion of age） were BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 （ OR = 7. 539 ）, excessive drinking （ OR = 1. 965 ） and over-intake of salt （ OR = 1. 641 ）. Corresponding risk scores were 2. 925, 1. 560 and 1. 467 respectively. For women, 5 risk factors were included, over-intake of salt, elder, excessive drinking, high BMI and high WHR, the three leading risk factors （ exclusion of age） were BMI≥28. 0 kg/m2 （ OR =4. 320） , over-intake of salt （ OR = 1. 661 ） and excessive drinking （ OR = 1. 597）. Corresponding risk scores were 2. 324, 1. 516 and 1. 501 respectively. Conclusions Quantitative model for risk factors of hypertension were built up based on population risk factors, which could be used for individuals to quantitatively assess their risk factors of hypertension, thus making self-assessment, self- monitoring and self-care more feasible.

关 键 词：高血压 危险因素 LOGISTIC模型 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学] R544.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]