孕期行盆底肌肉锻炼对盆底功能的保护作用  

Effect of Pelvic Muscle Training on Pelvic Floor Function during Pregnancy

作　　者：刘颖琳[1] 周艳红[1] 丁红[1] 彭静[1] 陈少青[1] 张建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院妇产科,广东广州510120

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2013年第5期777-781,共5页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划社会发展项目(2010B080701011)

摘　　要：[目的]通过探索孕期行盆底肌肉锻炼对盆底功能的保护作用.[方法]2010年1月-2012年8月在中山大学附属第二医院定期产检并分娩首诊孕周为16＋1～ 30周单胎初孕妇360例,随机分为两组,锻炼组予盆底肌肉锻炼指导,对照组给予一般的孕期健康指导.两组在首诊时、首诊后8周以及产后6周进行一般问卷、POP-Q分度、盆底压力探头检测.[结果]最后有效病例为329例,其中锻炼组（166例）盆底肌肉锻炼8周后盆底肌肉张力[VRP、VSP分别为（53±14）、（96±25）cmH2O]高于对照组（46±12）、（89±27） cmH2O （P＜ 0.05）].锻炼组第二产程为（60±28）min,明显短于对照组的（76±17）min,P＜0.05.产后6周随访,锻炼组POP-Q分度0度所占比例为68.07％（113/166）,对照组为50.31％（82/163）,两组比较P=0.001.[结论]孕期行盆底肌肉锻炼能提高盆底肌肉张力,降低产后POP的发生率,缩短第二产程.[Objective] To explore the protection function on the pelvic floor through pelvic muscle training during the pregnancy. [ Methods ] A total of 360 pregnancy women who were 16＋1- 30 gestational age were randomly allocated to a training group and a control group. The training group attended the pelvic muscle training while the control group received the customary information. The two groups finished the questionnaire and were measured the pelvic floor strength when they first seek medical advice. After 8 weeks pelvic muscle training, they finished the questionnaire and were measure the pelvic floor strength and did the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system 6 weeks after delivery. [ Results ] The final total effective cases is 329. Pelvic floor muscle strength was significantly higher in the training group [VRP is （53 ± 14） cmH20, VSP is （96 ± 25） cmH20 in 166 cases] than that in the control group [ （46 ± 12） cmH20, （89 ± 27） cmH20] after 8 weeks pelvic floor muscle training （P 〈 0.05）. The second stage of labor of training group was （60± 28） min, shorter than the control group which was （76± 17） min （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Six weeks after delivery, more women in the training group reported no prolapse with significant： 113 of 166 （68.07%） versus 82 of 163 （50.31%） （P = 0.001）. [ Conclusion ] Intensive pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy can significantly improves pelvic floor muscle strength, shorten the second stage of labor and decrease the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse.

关 键 词：盆底肌肉锻炼 妊娠 盆底功能 

分 类 号：R714.142[医药卫生—妇产科学]