强台风海葵登陆前后强度变化的观测分析  

Analysis on Intensity Variation of Haikui Before and After Its Landing

作　　者：钱燕珍 高拴柱 黄思源 杜坤 郭建民 郭宇光 

机构地区：[1]宁波市气象台,宁波315012 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081 [3]宁波市气象网络与装备保障中心,宁波315012

出　　处：《气象》2013年第10期1265-1274,共10页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2009CB421504);国家自然科学基金项目(41275066);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M21);上海台风基金项目(2009ST08);宁波市科技计划项目(2012C50044)共同资助

摘　　要：1211号台风海葵强度强,在近海及登陆前后中、日、美三个国家的业务定强差别较大。云图分析"海葵"强度强,近海后云顶亮温长时间在-70℃以下。雷达资料表明"海葵"登陆前后,结构对称,眼区清晰,范围增大。登陆点附近沿海测站出现了长时间的强大风,过程13级及以上阵风共持续了26 h,东矶、大陈、石浦最大风速的极大值分别是:46.9、39.4和36.8 m·s^(-1)。风场垂直分布差别500 m以内普遍在7~8 m·s^(-1)。这些陆基观测资料表明"海葵"可能达到了强台风标准,中央气象台定强是合理的。近海或登陆台风强度的确定在使用Dvorak技术的基础上,还应更多地参考陆基探测资料。“Haikui” （No.1211） is an intensified typhoon, but the remarkable differences of its intensity determination were presented by CMA, RSMC Tokyo and JTWC. Cloud image analysis shows that “Haikui” is a severe typhoon with the TBB below -70℃ for a long period in offshore area. Radar data reveals its symmetrical structure, clear eye and enlarged scope obviously before and after its landing. Long time lasting gale is also detected by the coastal observation stations, including automatic stations and inner island stations. The gust with the intensity above 13 grades lasts for 26 hours during the period. The maximum wind speed is 46.9 m·s^-1, 39.4 m·s^-1 and 36.8 m·s^-1 measured respectively at Dongji Station, Dachen Station and Shipu Station. The vertical wind shear difference is 7-8 m·s^-1 under the height of 500 m. These ground based observations show that “Haikui” has matched the standard of severe typhoon, and the intensity determination by CMA is reliable accordingly. Therefore, it is concluded that the determination of typhoon grade should depend on not only the Dvorak technique, but also the ground based detection data.

关 键 词：强台风海葵 登陆前后 强度 观测分析 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]