干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的现状及未来  

Stem cells for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：刘晓峰[1] 吴迪[1] 吴岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学基础医学院组胚教研室,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市010110

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2013年第40期7132-7137,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：干细胞专项基金;内蒙古财政厅([2005]1162);内蒙古自治区科技厅;干细胞应用技术创新团队基金(kjt09)~~

摘　　要：背景:1998年人胚胎干细胞成功获得后,科学家们开始尝试用干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病。目的:对干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的研究进展做一综述。方法:由第一作者用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI:1998至2012年)和PubMed数据库,检索词分别为"阿尔兹海默病,干细胞,神经干细胞,间充质干细胞,诱导多能干细胞"和"Alzheimer’s disease,stem cells,neural stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells",选择内容与阿尔茨海默病与神经干细胞,间充质干细胞,诱导多能干细胞的治疗相关的文章,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章,共检索到85篇文章,按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入29篇文章。结果与结论:茨海默病的可能机制为:分化成神经样细胞、分泌营养因子、促进内源性修复、刺激血管再生及作用于炎性细胞等。文章着重介绍了神经干细胞、间充质干细胞和诱导多能干细胞这3类干细胞对于阿尔茨海默病治疗的研究现状。但是3者各有利弊:神经干细胞的免疫原性和致瘤性低,但来源困难是其临床应用的障碍;间充质干细胞免疫原性和致瘤性较低,但分化潜能却不及胚胎干细胞;诱导多能干细胞也存在很多尚未解决的问题,但仍是目前最有前景的干细胞研究课题。BACKGROUND：Scientists began to use stem cells to treat Alzheimer’s disease since human beings achieved embryonic stem cells successful y in 1998. OBJECTIVE：To review the research progress in stem cells treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. METHODS：An online search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for articles published from 1998 to 2012 （CNKI） using key words of“Alzheimer’s disease, stem cells, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells”in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles were included which related to Alzheimer’s disease, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, and for articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected. A total of 85 articles were searched. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The possible mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease include differentiation of neural-like cells, secretion of nutrition factor, improvement of endogenous repair, stimulation of vascular regeneration and action on inflammatory cells. This review highlighted research status of neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. There were advantages and disadvantages for al of them. The low immunogenicity and oncogenicity of neural stem cells are advantages, but limited source reduces their application. Mesenchymal stem cells also have low immunogenicity and oncogenicity, but their differentiation potential is not good as embryonic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells also have many unsolved problems, but they have been regarded as promising stem cells.

关 键 词：干细胞 干细胞综述 阿尔茨海默病 神经干细胞 间充质干细胞 诱导多能干细胞 嗅鞘细胞 脑源性神 经营养因子 人脐带间充质干细胞 人羊膜间充质干细胞 脂肪间充质干细胞 省级基金 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]