青藏高原草甸和湿地下垫面陆面特征比较分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Land Surface Features at Grassy Land and Wet Land Underlying Surfaces on Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：张海宏[1] 李凤霞[1] 周秉荣[1] 肖宏斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省气象科学研究所,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第21期9042-9044,9073,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41065007)

摘　　要：利用青藏高原玛多草甸和玉树隆宝湿地的观测资料,比较分析了2种不同下垫面的净辐射通量、感热通量、潜热通量、土壤湿度和地表反照率的逐月日变化特征,并计算了2个地区各月地表反照率。结果表明,玛多草甸和玉树隆宝湿地净辐射通量夏秋季高、冬春季低。夏季,草甸下垫面感热通量日变化高于湿地下垫面;冬季,草甸和湿地2种下垫面的感热通量日变化相差不大;2种下垫面潜热通量均为夏季高、冬季低。各月湿地下垫面潜热通量高于草甸下垫面,各月份湿地下垫面土壤湿度高于草甸下垫面;在一年当中,湿地下垫面10 cm深处土壤湿度变化幅度很大,草甸下垫面10 cm深处土壤湿度在一年当中变化幅度很小。2种下垫面地表反照率冬季高、夏季低,草甸和湿地2种下垫面年平均地表反照率分别为0.27和0.25。Using observed data at Maduo meadow and Longbao wetland, Yushu on Tibetan Plateau, daily change of net radiation flux, sensi- ble heat flux, latent heat flux, soil moisture at 10 Cm depth and surface albedo in all months were compared and analyzed. The results showed that net radiation fluxes in both areas are high in summer and autumn but low in winter and spring. Sensible heat flux on Maduo meadow is higher than that on Longbao wetland in summer and in winter there is little difference. Latent heat flux on Maduo meadow is lower than that on Longbao wet land and both are high in summer and low in winter. Amplitude of soil moisture at 10 cm depth variation in Longbao wetland is higher in a year. Surface albedo is high in winter and low in summer in 2 areas. The value of annual mean surface albedo is 0.27 at Maduo meadow and O. 25 at Longbao wetland.

关 键 词：青藏高原 草甸 湿地 下垫面 陆面 特征分析 

分 类 号：S161.21[农业科学—农业气象学] P421[农业科学—农业基础科学]