中国家庭结构变化的几个特征及其思考——基于“五普”和“六普”数据的比较  

Characteristics of Family Structure Change and Their Implications: Based on the Fifth and Sixth Census of China

作　　者：周长洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京人口管理干部学院公共管理系,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《南京人口管理干部学院学报》2013年第4期3-8,共6页Journal of Nanjing College for Population Programme Management

基　　金：国家人口和计划生育委员会宣教司立项课题"家庭发展能力研究"的部分成果

摘　　要：数据对比显示,近10年来我国家庭迅速向规模微型化、结构扁平化、类型特殊化方向发展:家庭规模和代际数不断下降,2010年家庭平均仅为3.09人,代际数为1.85;由1人或2人构成的超微家庭比例由2000年的25.34%上升到2010年的38.90%,在城市占比超过45%;一代户由1/5上升到超过1/3;单人家庭数量翻了1倍多,2010年占家庭比例达到14.5%。家庭的这种变动趋势,意味着家庭养老育幼功能在急剧丧失,家庭发展存在着巨大脆弱性和不稳定性,作为社会稳定器的作用在削弱。在此情境下,调整独生子女政策已刻不容缓。Based on the fifth and sixth census of China, the family size and generation＇ s number have rapidly de- creased during the last decade to the average 3.09 persons and 1.85 generations of a typical family in 2010. The percentage of the over - minimized families with only 1 - 2 persons increased to 38.90% in 2010 from 25.34% in 2000, even more than 45% in urban areas in 2010. The families with one generation were over one third of total families in 2010, while the ratio of the kind of families was only one fifth in 2000. The number of one per- son families was doubled during the decade to reach 14.5% of total families. Minimized size, fiat structure, core member relations, more one -person families and only old people families characterize the trends of the families change, hing. Th soon as which means the traditional functions of childbearing and elderly - life supporting in families are vanis- e vulnerability and uncertainty of family development suggest that one -child policy should be ended as possible.

关 键 词：家庭规模 家庭结构 单人家庭 家庭功能 家庭发展 

分 类 号：C913.11[经济管理]