厦门同安湾地貌特征研究  

Geomorphological characteristics of Tong'an Bay(Xiamen)

作　　者：鲍晶晶[1,2] 蔡锋[1,2] 任建业[1] 许艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋与海岸地质环境开放实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2013年第4期499-508,共10页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41276058);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201205004-4)

摘　　要：利用2007 ～2009年我国近海海底地形地貌调查研究项目勘测的最新1∶5 000比例尺（局部区域达1∶3000）单波束同安湾水深资料绘制了同安湾等深线图、地形图,结合收集到的相关地质与底质资料绘制了地貌图,并对其地形地貌特征进行了详细的分析.分析结果表明同安湾水深在-4.9～26.0 m（理论最低潮位面）之间,等深线基本顺岸展布;地形整体由湾内向湾口倾斜变深,浅滩深槽相间;地形高低起伏局部变化复杂.同安湾岸线平直、湾港交错,主要地貌类型：海岸地貌（潮滩、海滩）、海底地貌（水下岸坡及其上发育的次一级地貌水下浅滩和冲刷槽）及人工地貌.对比1980 ～1986年的全国海岸带和海涂资源综合调查对包括同安湾在内的厦门港地形地貌进行详细调查的结果表明,近30 a间同安湾海岸线不断向海迁移,其中同安湾西侧岸线和厦门岛北部岸线的最大迁移量约0.70、1.76 km,且岸线不断平直化、人工化;海底地貌类型基本稳定,主要变化是受近几年人为生态修复影响出现的人工地貌.同安湾的演化过程（原始状态—开发—过度开发—生态修复—回归自然状态）反映了该区域自然、人与经济间的矛盾发展,可为今后相似海域的开发、利用和保护提供参考.The geomorphology of Tong＇an Bay is mapped using the latest 1 ∶ 5 000 and 1 ∶ 3 000 bathymetric data surveys in 2007 ～2009 by the project the Investigation on Submarine Topography and Geomorphology in Offshore China.The features of topography and geomorphology of Tang＇an Bay shows that the depth is generally ranged between -4.9 m and 26.0 m and the contour distributes along the shore of Tong＇an Bay.Variational terrain inclines outward from the top to opening of the bay inlaying with shoal and tidal channels.The study area can be divided into 3 parts,coastal landform of tide flat and beach,submarine landform of submarine slope including shoal and tidal channel,and artificial landform.Compared the data and map obtained in 2007 ～2009 and 1980 ～1986,the progressively straightened and artificialized costal line has moved seaward with a max of 0.70km at the west of Tong＇an Bay and 1.76 km at the north of Xiamen Island in the past 20 years.However,it is concluded that the geomorphology of Tong＇an Bay is almost stable and artificial landform variations are mostly due to the ecology restoring.That 5steps in the evolvements,i.e.originality,exploitation,overexploitation,ecology restoring and returning to nature occurred in Tong＇an Bay gives a good experience of interactions among the nature,humankind and economic development.Such evolution has active significance for future exploitation,utilization and protect in similar sea areas.

关 键 词：海洋地质学 地形 地貌 演化 同安湾 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]