燕麦坚黑穗病抗性鉴定两种接种方法比较及种质抗性评价  

Comparison of two inoculation methods for resistance of oats to Ustilago segetun var.segetum and resistance evaluation of germplasms

作　　者：郭建国[1] 郭满库[1] 郭成[1] 魏宏玉[1] 金社林[1] 赵桂琴[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2013年第5期425-430,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(nycytx-14);国家自然科学基金(31360444)

摘　　要：为明确燕麦坚黑穗病的发病条件与接种技术,采用菌土覆盖和菌粉混种后的分期播种法分析其适宜发病因子与接种方法,并评价162个品种的抗病性。出苗10 d以上,大气温度15℃和5cm土层温度18℃以下时适宜发病。两种接种方式下96个皮燕麦和21个裸燕麦的抗病性一致,28个皮燕麦和17个裸燕麦菌粉拌种的抗病性低于菌土覆盖。研究表明,适期早播是确保发病和提高鉴定准确性的有效途径,适期晚播是预防发病的有效途径,且稃壳有阻隔病菌侵染作用,免疫与抗病种质是品种选育的重要抗源。Preferential incidence factors and inoculation methods were analyzed by serial sowing at differ- ent times using two inoculation methods, in which seeds were respectively covered with soils carrying teli- ospores and dressed with teliospores in order to master incidence conditions and inoculation technology for oat covered smut, and disease resistance to Ustilago segetun var. segetum in 162 varieties was identified and appraised. Preferential incidence conditions were as followed： more than l0 d after emergence, less than 15 ~C of air temperature and 18 ~C of soil temperature in 5 cm depth. Disease resistance in 96 hulled oats and 21 naked oats was consistent in two inoculations, but disease resistance in 28 hulled oats and 17 naked oats in seeds dressed with teliospores was lower than seeds covered with soils carrying teliospores. This research showed that early sowing at optimal time was an effective means by which disease incidence could be ensured so as to improve accuracy of identification result ; late sowing at optimal time was an ef- fective means by which disease incidence could be prevented, and lemma played a role in inhibiting in- fection. Immune and resistant germplasms are important resistant resources for variety breeding.

关 键 词：燕麦坚黑穗病 接种方法 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S435.126[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]