氟磺胺草醚对黑土微生物数量及酶活性的影响  

Effects of fomesafen on microorganism quantity and enzyme activities in black soil

作　　者：郑景瑶[1] 王百慧[1] 岳中辉[1] 郭立波[1] 田宇[1] 刘宝林 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150025 [2]中储粮北方农业开发有限公司,黑龙江嫩江161400

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2013年第5期468-472,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12511153)

摘　　要：为了探讨常用除草剂氟磺胺草醚的土壤环境效应,在东北黑土区豆-麦地进行大田试验,研究施用氟磺胺草醚后土壤速效磷(AP)、碱解氮(AN)和有机质(OM)3种养分含量、土壤微生物数量和土壤中酶活性的变化。氟磺胺草醚施用后土壤AP和AN含量没有显著变化,施用后30 d OM含量显著增加,其余天数均下降;施用后15 d细菌、真菌数量分别增加351.61%和220.00%,之后均呈下降趋势;氟磺胺草醚施用后放线菌数量降低,75 d后减少68.47%;施用氟磺胺草醚,土壤脲酶活性在1 d、蛋白酶和过氧化物酶活性在15 d和45 d、过氧化氢酶活性在1、15、75 d后都显著降低,而转化酶活性没有显著变化。研究表明,氟磺胺草醚的施用对土壤OM含量、微生物数量及脲酶、蛋白酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性均有一定的抑制作用,而对AP、AN含量和转化酶活性没有显著影响。Dynamics of available phosphorus （ AP）, available nitrogen （AN） and organic matter （OM） nutrients and microbes and activities of five enzymes in the bean-wheat field located in the northeast black earth region were studied in order to discuss the soil environmental security of fomesafen, a common her- bicide. The results showed that the contents of AP and AN did not change significantly and the content of OM increased significantly on day 30 after fomesafen treatment but declined later. The bacteria and fungi mushroomed by 351.61% and 220.00% , respectively, on day 15 but decreased later after the use of fo- mesafen. Actinomyces decreased by 68.47% on day 75 after fomesafen treatment. Urease activity on day 1, protease and peroxidase activity on day 15 and 45, and catalase activity on day 1, 15 and 75 were all decreased, but invertase activity remained stable after fomesafen treatment. These results revealed that fomesafen had inhibitory effects on OM content, microbes and the activities of urease, protease, peroxi- dase and catalase to some degree, but had no significant influences on AP, AN and invertase activity.

关 键 词：氟磺胺草醚 微生物 酶活性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学] S154.3[农业科学—植物保护]