准噶尔盆地鼠疫自然疫源地大沙鼠寄生蚤群落结构及其鼠疫流行病学分析  

Community structure of Great Gerbils （Rhombomys opimus） parasitic fleas in Junggar Basin focus and related epizootiological characteristics on plague

作　　者：张渝疆[1] 阿扎提[1] 雒涛[1] 阿布力克木[1] 王启果[1] 阿不力米提[1] 李冰[1] 孟卫卫[1] 郭荣[1] 戴翔[1] 曹汉礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心, 乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2013年第11期1096-1100,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划（200933120）;卫生行业科研专项（201202021）;国家自然科学基金（30960348）

摘　　要：目的 了解准噶尔盆地鼠疫自然疫源地大沙鼠体蚤群落的结构,解释其体蚤群落结构与动物鼠疫流行的关系.方法 采用群落生态研究方法分析2005-2010年采自准噶尔盆地的大沙鼠体蚤,采用统计学方法分析所得到的各聚类群落与动物鼠疫流行的病原学和血清学相关指标.结果 大沙鼠体蚤具有复杂群落结构,体蚤群落19种,但常见仅3种,16种为稀有种类,蚤群落平均丰富度和多样性较高,分别为1.66和1.5556,优势度不显著,为0.332,均匀性适中（0.5283）.群落蚤类间具有共寄生性,染蚤率、蚤指数及主要寄生蚤的比例变化是影响体蚤类群落结构的关键因素,可分为5个聚类群.结论 准噶尔盆地大沙鼠体蚤群落存在地理区域异质性,并与动物鼠疫流行强度相关.Objective To understand the community structure ofRhombomys opimus parasitic fleas in the natural plague focus in Junggar Basin,so as to explain the relationship between the community structure and the prevalence of animal plague in this area.Methods The body fleas of R.opimus which were collected in 2005-2010 from the Junggar Basin was analysed by community ecology method,an each clustered flea community was compared with information of pathogenic and serological indicators of animal plague epidemic by statistic method.Results The community structure of R.opimus parasitic fleas included 19 species and was very complicated,with only 3 were identified as ‘common＇ species but the others belonged to ‘rare＇ species.Both the average richness and diversity of flea community were higher,as 1.66 and 1.5556,with dominance not obvious （0.332） and the homogeneity as moderate （0.5283）.The community structure of R.opimus parasitic fleas could be changed by the following factors as：the rates of flea parasitic/flea index and the proportions of main fleas etc.The flea community could be divided into 5 clusters according to the above said elements.All these data showed that the fleas of R.opimus parasitic fleas possess the nature of multi-parasitism.Conclusions The community of R.opimus parasitic fleas existed heterogeneous of geographic region,and this phenomenon associated with the animal plague epidemic strength.

关 键 词：鼠疫 大沙鼠 寄生蚤 群落 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]