几种生态因子对拟目乌贼胚胎发育的影响  

Effect of several ecological factors on embryonic development of Sepia lycidas

作　　者：彭瑞冰[1] 蒋霞敏[1] 于曙光[1] 罗江[1] 唐锋[1] 王春琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第20期6560-6568,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40776076);国家农业成果转化资助项目(2009GB2C220415);宁波市科技重点资助项目(2011C11002)

摘　　要：研究盐度、光照周期、孵化密度、溶解氧对拟目乌贼(Sepia lycidas)胚胎发育的影响,以确定其胚胎发育最佳生态条件。在室内控制条件下,采用单因子试验研究了不同盐度(18、21、24、27、30、33、36),光照周期L∶D(0 h∶24 h、6 h∶18 h、12 h∶12 h),孵化密度(3、6、9、12、15个/L)等对其胚胎孵化率、培育周期、孵化周期、卵黄囊完全吸收率和初孵幼体大小的影响。结果表明:不同盐度对胚胎发育影响显著(P<0.05),适宜盐度为27—33,最适盐度为30,最适盐度下孵化率达(93.33±2.89)%、培育周期为(25.67±0.58)d、孵化周期为(5.33±0.58)d、卵黄囊完全吸收率达(89.27±0.33)%、初孵幼体体重达(0.247±0.006)g;光照周期对孵化周期影响不显著(P>0.05),对其它指标影响显著(P<0.05),适宜光照周期为L∶D(6 h∶18 h),最适光照周期下孵化率达(80.33±2.89)%,培育周期为(35.67±0.57)d、孵化周期为(4.67±0.57)d、卵黄囊完全吸收率达(82.18±7.72)%、初孵幼体体重达(0.243±0.012)g;在各孵化密度下充气与否,对胚胎发育有显著影响(P<0.01),水中含氧量≤5.55 mg/L时,胚胎发育受阻。在充气情况下不同孵化密度对胚胎发育影响显著(P<0.05),适宜孵化密度3—9个/L,最适宜孵化密度6个/L,最适孵化密度下孵化率达(96.67±2.89)%、培育周期为(29.67±0.58)d、孵化周期为(5.67±1.15)d、卵黄囊完全吸收率达(89.65±0.31)%、初孵幼体体重达(0.244±0.005)g。由此确定,其适宜的孵化盐度为27—33,光照周期为L∶D(6 h∶18 h),孵化密度为3—9个/L。Sepia lycidas belongs to the genus Sepia, the family Sepiidae, the orders Sepioidea, and the class Cephalopoda. It is a warm-ocean demersal Cephalopoda with larger size, delicious meat and high nutrition value. It inhabits off shore waters at a depth of 15--100 m, and is mainly distributed from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific. The average weight of Sepia lycidas was 0.6 kg after 4 months cultivation, and the heaviest young Sepia lycidas could reach 1 kg. Because of its short raising duration and high yield, raising Sepia lycidas has a high development potential in China. Ecological factor is one of the important factors for the growth and development potential in China. Ecological factor is one of the important factors for the growth and development of marine organisms. The impact of ecological factors on the embryonic development of Sepia lycidas was studied in this paper, which helps us to learn the ececological principle and mechanism between them and the environment better. In order to get the optimum salinity, photoperiod, hatching density and dissolved oxygen concentration of embryonic development of Sepia lycidas, their effects on embryonic development were investigated. Single- factor test was used to study the effects of salinity（ 18,21,24,27,30,33,36） ,photoperiod L ：D（0 h ：24 h,6 h ：18 h, 12 h ：12 h）, hatching density （3,6,9,12, 15 ind/L） on hatching rate, nurturing cycle, incubation eycle, completely absorked rate of yolk sac and weight of newly hatched larvae of Sepia lyeidas embryos under indoor control condition. Theresults showed that the embryonic development of Sepia lycidas was significantly affected by salinity （P〈0.05）. The suitable salinity for hatching ranged from 27.0 to 33.0 and the optimum salinity was 30.0. Hatching rate, nurturing cycle, incubation cycle, completely absorked rate of yolk sacwas and weight of newly hatched larvae were （93.33±2.89）%, （25.67±0.58） d, （5.33±0.58） d, （89.27±0.33）% and （0.247±0.006） g under the optim

关 键 词：拟目乌贼 胚胎发育 盐度 光照周期 孵化密度 孵化率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]