预防海洛因依赖者戒毒后复吸的以问题导向的动机-技能-脱敏-心理能量干预模式和操作流程简介  

QUESTION-ORIENTED MOTIVATION-SKILL-DESENSITIZATION-MENTAL ENERGY( MSDE) INTERVENTION MODEL AND OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE FOR RELAPSE PREVENTION AMONG HEROIN ADDICTS

作　　者：王增珍[1,2] 肖杨[1] 彭月华[1] 谌丁艳[1] 余金聪[1,2] 韦威全[1] 王冬明[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,武汉430030 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院心理卫生中心,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2013年第5期380-385,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30872175)

摘　　要：为了降低海洛因依赖者戒毒后复吸率,本课题组开发了动机-技能-脱敏-心理能量干预模式和操作方案。现场试验发现,患者乐意接受;随访发现,试验组操守率明显高于对照组。本文简要介绍了该干预模式、操作方案和流程,包括:动机晤谈、认知行为疗法、神经语言模式、冥想等方法,对患者进行团体心理治疗和随访激励,对家庭成员进行心理教育与治疗。患者团体治疗包括:(1)提高操守的动机和技能,方式为以问题为导向的讨论、活动、游戏、角色扮演、提供榜样、教授知识、分享、小结和作业;(2)快速眼球移动脱敏,并同时引导患者自问吸毒时的感觉和情景;(3)提高操守的心理能量,包括个人心理成长(激发、感受和释放负面情绪,与自我和他人心理连接,认识自我价值,正面信念植入等)等内容。To reduce heroin relapse rate, our group developed a question -oriented Motivation -Skill- Desensitization -Mental Energy （MSDE） intervention model, operational guideline and procedure. We found that the clients were willing to accept and the abstinence rate in intervention group was much higher than that in the control by field trial and follow - up. This paper briefly introduces this intervention model, operational guideline and procedure, which includes methods of Motivational Interview （ MI ）, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy （ CBT）, Neuro - Linguistic Programming （ NLP）, mindfulness, etc., for patient group therapy, family therapy and follow -up encouragement. Patient group therapy contains the following three aspects： （ 1 ） enhancing motivation and skills for abstaining by question- oriented discussions, activities or games, role play, offering some successful abstaining models, teaching new concepts and knowledge, sharing feelings, summary, homework and so on： （2 ）desensitization by utilizing Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and asking patients to recall drug related feelings and circumstances simultaneously; （3） increasing mental energy by promoting personal mental growth with the methods of evoking, feeling and releasing negative emotions, making psychic connections between themselves and others, recognizing their value and implanting positive belief, and so on.

关 键 词：药物依赖 复吸预防 心理治疗 干预模式 

分 类 号：R595.5[医药卫生—内科学]