宁波港典型海域浮游动物种类组成及数量分布特点  

Species composition and quantity distribution of zooplankton in typical sea area of Ningbo port

作　　者：周伟[1] 王丹丽[1,2] 林勉[1] 徐善良[1,2] 邹秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,宁波315211

出　　处：《生态科学》2013年第4期500-508,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：宁波市科技局项目(2008C50027);宁波大学科研基金(xkl09106)

摘　　要：根据2009年秋-2010年夏每季采样调查,分析和研究了浙江省宁波港海区浮游动物种类组成和数量分布的四季变化特征。结果表明：经鉴定浮游动物共有70种,隶属3门35属。其中桡足类的种类最多,占总种数的73.54%;优势种主要有中华异水蚤、矩形龟甲轮虫、伪长腹剑水蚤、挪威小星猛水蚤、小星猛水蚤属、驼背隆哲水蚤、短角长腹剑水蚤等。浮游动物群体丰度呈现出夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季的现象,四季平均丰度分别为2.50×103ind/m3、40.16×103ind/m3、3.72×103ind/m3、1.20×103ind/m3。生物量呈现出夏季〉春季〉秋季〉冬季的现象,四季平均生物量分别为88.94 mg/m3、931.22 mg/m3、58.74 mg/m3、24.49mg/m3。与历史资料以及邻近海域比较发现,浮游动物丰度和生物量小于或接近于东海各海域。生物多样性分析显示,夏季与春秋冬三季生物多样性（H′）有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,夏季具有较高的生物多样性,Shannon—Wiener多样性指数（H’）、种类丰富度（D）、Pielou均匀度指数（J）、最大多样性指数（H’max）基本呈现出夏季〉春季〉秋季〉冬季。与邻近海域相比,多样性指数（H’）、种类丰富度（D）、最大多样性指数（H’max）呈下降趋势。Seasonal variations in the species composition and quantity distribution characteristics of zooplankton were investigated in the Ningbo port sea area from autumn of 2009 to summer of 2010. The results showed 70 kinds of zooplanktons belonging to 3 phylum and35 genera. Among them,copepod accounted for 73.54%. The dominant species were mainly Acartiella sinensis,Keratella quadrata,Oithona fallax,Microsetella norvegica,Microsetella sp.,Acrocalanus gibber,Oithona brevicornis,etc. The abundance of zooplankton was in the order of summer autumn spring winter. The mean abundance of the four seasons was 2.50×103ind/m3,40.16×103ind/m3,3.72×103ind/m3and 1.20×103ind/m3. The biomass of zooplankton ranked as summer spring autumn winter. The mean biomass was 88.94 mg/m3,931.22 mg/m3,58.74 mg/m3and 24.49 mg/m3. By comparing with historical information and adjacent sea area,we found that zooplankton biomass was greater than the East China Sea or equal. The biological diversity（H ＇） in the summer and spring,autumn and winter was significantly different（P 0.05）,and a higher biological diversity was found in the summer.Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H＇）,Species richness（D）,Pielou evenness index（J）,and the largest diversity index（H＇max） basically showed the trend of summer spring autumn winter. Compared with the adjacent sea area,the diversity index（H＇max）,species richness（D） and the largest diversity index（H＇max） displayed the trend of declining.

关 键 词：宁波港海区 浮游动物 种类组成 数量分布 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]