骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折的治疗进展  

Progress on treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

作　　者：史光华[1] 李鹏翠[1] 卫小春[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国骨伤》2013年第10期878-882,共5页China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81000815/H0609);山西省卫生厅科研基金资助项目(编号:201201079)~~

摘　　要：骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)严重影响中老年人的生命健康,被认为是老年人生命健康开始衰退的前兆,因此积极的治疗显得尤为重要。传统的手术方法,如椎板切除内固定术,其创伤大、失血多而失败率高;保守治疗不能早期减轻疼痛症状及改善功能状态,导致骨折延迟愈合及严重骨化,形成陈旧性OVCF,给治疗带来更大困难。随着脊柱外科微创技术的开展为椎体骨折的治疗开拓了新的途径,经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)及经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplast,PKP)成为治疗OVCF的常用方法,其具有止痛效果快速又显著、椎体高度恢复理想、可早期负重活动且术后并发症发生率低的优点。OVCF进行外科手术治疗的同时进行恰当而有效的康复锻炼也是很重要的。Osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures seriously affect the life and health of the elderly,indicating the elderly life health begin to decline. Therefore, aggressive treatment is particularly important. Traditional surgical method, such as laminectomy and internal fixation has large trauma, more blood loss and high failure rate. However, conservative treatment cannot early reduce pain symptoms and improve functional status, it can lead delayed union and severe ossification and form chronic OVCF, make more difficult to treat. In treatment of vertebral body fracture, there was a new way with the development of minimally invasive spinal surgery technology. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty has become the commonly used method in treating OVCF. With rapid and significant analgesic effect, vertebral body height recovered ideally, the patients can early load activities and preoperative complications is rare. Effective rehabilitation exercise is also important in treating OVCF by surgery at the same time.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 椎体压缩骨折 综述文献 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]