沙生珍稀植物银沙槐的开花物候特征  

Flowering phenology features of the rare desert plant Ammodendron argenteum

作　　者：李志成[1] 李进[1] 吕海英[1] 曹满航 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]陕西省渭南市大荔县朝邑中学,陕西大荔715102

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第11期2937-2943,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160094)资助

摘　　要：利用野外开花物候观测数据，运用开花日期、相对开花强度和同步性等开花物候指数研究了银沙槐（Ammodendronargenteum）自然种群的开花物候特征。结果表明：银沙槐在5月中旬“月上甸开花，种群、个体、花序和单花水平的花期依次为20—22d、19—21d、14．19d和7～11d；个体水平和花序水平的开花振幅均呈单峰曲线，年际间相似性较高；个体水平上具有较高的开花同步性，相对开花强度分布范围狭窄，年际间除始花日期和相对开花强度差异不显著外，各物候指数均存在显著差异（P〈O．05）；开花数和开花时间均与始花时间存在显著负相关（P〈O．05），而始花时间、花序持续时间、开花数均与幼果座果数之间未显示相关性（P〉O．05）；温度是影响银沙槐开花物候的主要限制因子，集中开花模式和花多果少的现象是银沙槐长期适应沙漠环境的生殖策略。Based upon the data collected through field work, the paper attempts to probe into the flowering phenological and reproductive features of natural populations of Arnrnodendron argente um from the following perspectives such as first flowering date, relative flowering intensity and flowering synchrony. The results indicate that the flowering period of test populations is from mid dle May to early June, and the flowering span of the population, individual, inflorescence and single flowering is approximately 2022 d, 1921 d, 1419 d and 711 d, respectively. The flowering amplitude of individual and inflorescence shows a single peak, which shares high simi larity from year to year. The individual has better flowering synchrony, relative flowering intensity distributed in narrow range, and there isn＇ t significant difference of first flowering date and rela tive flowering intensity from year to year, while there exists significant difference among other phenological indexes （P〈0.05）. Correlation analysis shows that both flower number and flowering duration have significant negative correlations with first flowering date （P〈0.05）, and there is not significant correlation between fruit number and first flowering date, inflorescence duration, flower number （P〉0.05）. Temperature is the main factor affecting flowering phenology of A. argenteum populations. Both massflowering pattern and the phenomenon of more flower and fewer fruit could be regarded as reproductive strategies of the soecies to adaot to the harsh habitat.

关 键 词：银沙槐 开花物候 相对开花强度 开花同步性 座果数 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]