松材线虫病死木皮下节肢动物生态位及跟随性评价  

Niches and following performance evaluation of arthropod populations under the barks of dead pine trees caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

作　　者：曹丹丹[1] 嵇保中[1] 刘曙雯 陈晓明[1] 张新慰[1] 杨锦锦[1] 刘佳佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037 [2]南京中山陵园管理局,南京210014

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第11期3015-3021,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD19B0703);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXZZ11_0503);南京市建委;中山陵园管理局课题项目(200409);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(164010641);江苏省生物学优势学科项目资助

摘　　要：用相对优势度、Levins生态位宽度、Pianka生态位重叠指数等指标对南京紫金山松材线虫病死木皮下节肢动物的种群结构及生态位进行调查。结果表明:松材线虫病死木皮下节肢动物种群隶属3纲7目17科27种。其中跳虫科、隐翅虫科、蝇科、小蠹科种类为优势种,螨科和天牛科种类为丰盛种,肿腿蜂科、穴甲科、茧蜂科、象甲科种类为常见种,蚁科、露尾甲科、蓟马科、阎甲科、蠼螋科、叩甲科、郭公虫科种类为偶见种。隐翅虫科种类生态位宽度最大,且与小蠹、天牛在时间、空间、时-空生态位重叠指数及生态位相似性比例指数上均高于其他种类,说明隐翅虫与主要蛀干害虫在空间和时间上相遇的几率最大,跟随现象最为明显。本研究对开展载体昆虫携带病原微生物防治蛀干害虫具有较重要的理论意义和应用价值。By using the indices of relative dominance, Levins niche width and Pianka niche over lap, a field investigation was conducted to study the population composition and niches of arthro pods under the barks of dead pine trees caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Zijin Mountain, Nanjing, China. The populations of the arthropods under the barks of the dead pine trees be longed to 27 species, 17 families, 7 orders and 3 classes, among which, the dominant species were of Poduridae, Staphylinidae, Muscidae, and Scolytidae, the abundant species were of Cheyletidae and Cerambycidae, the common species were of Bethylidae, Bothrideridae, Braconi dae and Curculionidae, and the rare species were of Formicidae, Nitidulidae, Thripidae, Histeri dae, Labiduridae, Elateridae and Cleridae. The Staphylinidae species had the broadest niche width. The values of temporal, spatial and temporalspatial niche overlapa and of niche similarity proportion between Staphylinidae and Scolytidae, Cerambycidae were higher than those between Staphylinidae and other species. This suggested that there existed the highest spatial and temporal encountering probabilities and the most obvious following performance between the Staphylinidae species and the main boring insects such as the species of Scolytidae and Cerambycidae. This study could have important theoretical and practical significance for developing the new methods for controlling the boring insects by using the entomopathogens carried by carrier insects.

关 键 词：松材线虫病死木 节肢动物种群 生态位 跟随关系 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]