昆嵛山森林蝽类昆虫多样性和季节分布模式  

Diversity and seasonal distribution pattern of True Bug( Heteroptera) assemblages in Kunyu Mountains of China

作　　者：朱彦鹏[1,2] 梁军[1,3] 倪杨[1] 马琳[1,4] 张星耀[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]昆嵛山森林生态系统定位研究站,山东烟台264100 [4]中南林业科技大学,林业生物技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第11期3029-3036,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270682);国家林业局山东昆嵛山森林生态系统定位观测研究站运行补助项目资助

摘　　要：2011年5—9月,对昆嵛山森林蝽类昆虫多样性和季节分布模式进行了调查。通过自制地面昆虫飞行截捕器对昆嵛山40块标准地内蝽类昆虫进行采样,共采集标本519号,隶属于8科30种。蝽科物种最丰富,猎蝽科个体数量最多。对比分析昆嵛山5种主要森林类型(黑松林、赤松林、日本落叶松/杉木林、针阔混交林和阔叶林)中蝽类昆虫群落组成和物种多样性发现,日本落叶松/杉木林中蝽类昆虫多样性最低,且与其他4种森林类型中物种组成不相似。利用典范对应分析(CCA)方法分析了蝽类昆虫物种多度与环境因子之间关系,结果表明,海拔和林分密度对蝽类昆虫物种分布影响较大。此外,昆嵛山森林蝽类昆虫季节分布模式可分为4种类型:Ⅰ)整个采样期均出现(8种);Ⅱ)仅采样初期出现(9种);Ⅲ)仅采样中期出现(6种);Ⅳ)仅采样中后期出现(7种)。蝽类昆虫多度随季节呈单峰型分布,在7月中下旬个体数量最多,在9月下旬数量最少;物种丰富度与多度随季节变化趋势相似,在7月中下旬最丰富,但在采样初期物种丰富度也较高。In May-September, 2011, a field survey was conducted to study the diversity and seasonal distribution pattern of True Bug （Heteroptera） population in Kunyu Mountains of China. By using the improved ground surface insect flight interception traps, a total of 519 True Bug specimens belonging to 30 species and 8 families were collected from 40 standard plots. Among the collected specimens, Pentatomidae had the largest number of species （ 13 species） , whereas Reduviidae had the largest number of individuals. The comparative analysis on the species com- position and diversity of True Bug in Pinus thunbergii forest, P. densiflora forest, Larix kaempferi/Cunninghamia lanceolata Mountains showed that the diversity forest, conifer-broadleaf forest, of True Bug was the lowest in and broadleaf forest in the L. kaempferi/C, lanceolata forest, and the species composition in this forest was not similar to that in the other four forests. The canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） showed that the most important factors affecting the spatial distribution of True Bug were elevation and stand density. The seasonal distribution pattern of the True Bug in the Kunyu Mountains could be classified into four types, i. e. , type I （ appeared throughout the sampling periods, n = 8 ）, type （ only appeared in early sampling pe-riod, n = 9 ）, type （only appeared in medium sampling period, n = 6）, and type IV （only ap peared in medium-late sampling period, n = 7）. The abundance of the True Bug presented a sin gle-peak distribution pattern, with the largest individual number in mid- and late July and the smallest one in late September. The species richness had a similar seasonal variation trend to the abundance, being the highest in mid- and late July, but also higher in the early sampling period.

关 键 词：昆嵛山 蝽类 多样性 典范对应分析 季节分布模式 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]