血液透析患者生命质量、社会支持及影响因素  

Quality of life,social support and their influencing factors in hemodialysis patients

作　　者：孙莉莉[1] 高洁[1] 罗小虎[1] 李胜开[2] 吴秀娟[1] 徐莉春[1] 张训保[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,江苏徐州221004 [2]徐州医学院附属医院肾内科

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第11期1600-1603,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30872143);徐州医学院公共卫生学院课题(201113);江苏省大学生创新计划(20120306)

摘　　要：目的了解血液透析患者的生存质量、社会支持状况及相关影响因素,为改善其生存质量提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取江苏省徐州市3家医院的606例住院患者为研究对象,采用自编调查问卷、生存质量量表(QOL)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行问卷调查。结果血液透析患者QOL总分为(115.7±16.8)分,其中生理功能、心理状况、社会关系与生存环境、疾病症候维度分别为(22.8±5.2)、(26.2±5.1)、(26.9±4.4)、(40.2±6.9)分;血液透析患者客观支持、主观支持、社会支持利用度和社会支持总分分别为(9.5±2.1)、(22.3±4.2)、(7.3±2.5)和(39.7±7.1)分;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有医疗保障和对康复有信心者的血液透析患者生命质量得分较高;本地户籍、在婚、与子女居住血液透析患者社会支持得分较高。结论建立符合血液透析患者个体化康复的综合医保措施,重点进行心理干预可以提高其社会支持度和生存质量。Objective To evaluate the quality of life （QOL）,social support and their related factors among patients with hemodialysis for the improvement of QOL in the patients.Methods With random cluster sampling,606 inpatients from 3 hospitals in Xuzhou city,Jiangsu province were selected and surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire,scale of quality of life and Social Support Rating Scale.Results The total QOL score of the hemodialysis patients was 115.7± 16.8,and the score for physiological function,psychological status,social relations and the survival environment,and disease symptoms were 22.8±5.2, 26.2±5.1, 26.9±4.4, and 40.2±6.9,respectively.Among the patients,the score for objective support,subjective support,utilization of social support,and social support were 9.45 ±2.077,22.27±4.237, 7.29±2.451, and 39.72±7.090.The results of multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the patients with medical insurance and with confidence for rehabilization had a higher QOL score and the patients of local permanent residence,married,and living with children had a higher score of social support.Conclusion Establishing comprehensive health care and individualized rehabilitation measures and strenghtening psychosocial intervention could improve QOL and social support among patients with hemodialysis.

关 键 词：血液透析 生存质量 社会支持 影响因素 

分 类 号：R692.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学]