不同施氮量对枣棉间作棉花根系形态与生理特性的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilization Rate on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Root in Jujube-cotton Intercropping System

作　　者：阿丽艳·肉孜[1] 张巨松[1] 郭仁松[2] 杜强[1] 石大伟[1] 武辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,教育部棉花工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农科院农作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第10期96-102,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"自治区科技兴农项目-枣棉间套作立体高效种植技术示范推广"(2009BADA4B01-3);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003043-07)

摘　　要：研究枣棉间作下不同施氮水平（0、150、450和750kg·hm-2）对棉花根系形态、生理指标的效应，分析氮素对根系形态与生理特性的影响。结果表明：在施氮量0、150、750kg·hm-2时，主根长度增速较慢，根长密度、干物质积累量降低，根系活力、氮素代谢相关酶NR活性减弱，可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量下降，远冠区N0、N10、N50与N30相比，根长密度0-20cm土层分别下降18．18％、25．97％、29．87％，20～40cm土层分别下降31．43％、38．29％、41．14％。根系活力变化最为显著，在棉花生育T1时，近冠区N0、N10、N50与N30相比分别下降36．01％、27．45％、9．74％，远冠区分别下降34．32％、23．53％、10．10％，说明氮素营养缺乏会加速棉花根系的衰老进程，抑制根系生长发育。因此，适当的施氮量，可延缓根系衰老。Under the jujube-cotton intercropping conditions, different nitrogen level （0,150,450 and 750 kg . hm-2） were used to study changes of morphology and physiology index of cotton root sys- tem, and analysis the effects of nitrogen on morphological and physiological characteristics of root sys- tem. The results showed that nitrogen treatment of 0, 150 and 750 kg .hm- 2 slowed the speed of cot- ton root growth, cotton root length density and root dry mass decreased, weaken the root vigor, ni- trogen correlation metabolize enzyme NR activity, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content decreased, when the cotton root length density in 0--20 cm soil layer respectively decrease 18.18%, 25.97% and 29. 87%, 20-40 cm soil layer respectively decrease 31. 43%, 38. 29% and 41. 14%. Root vigor change had significant difference, cotton growth earlier stage close area respectively de- crease 36. 01% , 27. 45 % and 9.74%, far area respectively decrease 34. 32%,23.53% and 10. 10%, explain the lack of nitrogen nutrition will accelerated the senescence of cotton root system, will restraint the root growth; therefore, precision applying nitrogen can delay the senescence of root system.

关 键 词：棉花 氮素 枣棉间作 形态与生理特性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]