不育剂EP-1对荒漠啮齿动物优势种群数量的影响  

Effects of the contraceptive compound EP-1 on population growth of dominant desert rodents in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：韩艳静[1] 张晓东[1] 曹晓娟[2] 武晓东[1] 付和平[1,2] 戴钦 赵翠梅 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,包头014109 [3]内蒙古阿拉善盟经济开发区农牧业服务中心,乌斯太750336 [4]内蒙古阿拉善盟生态移民示范区林业工作站,嘉尔格勒赛汉镇750312

出　　处：《兽类学报》2013年第4期352-360,共9页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(2010MS0405);内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院应用基金(2011YB0101)

摘　　要：2011—2012年在内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区，利用复合不育剂EP-1（左炔诺孕酮-炔雌醚），设试验区和对照区，采用春季试验区一次性投饵的方法，对子午沙鼠、小毛足鼠和三趾跳鼠3种荒漠啮齿动物优势种群的不育控制进行研究。结果表明，不育剂EP-1显著降低了优势种群当年的幼体出生率，试验区5，6月小毛足鼠幼体比例较对照区显著降低（P〈0．05），5—8月子午沙鼠和6—8月三趾跳鼠成体比例分别较对照区显著增加（P〈0．05），同时显著降低了优势鼠种当年的种群数量，试验区子午沙鼠和小毛足鼠种群在繁殖高峰期的数量均显著低于对照区（P〈0．05），4—5月三趾跳鼠种群数量显著低于对照区（P〈0．05）。次年，试验区5—7月子午沙鼠种群成体比例显著高于对照区（P〈0．05），全年种群数量显著低于对照区（P〈0．05），而三趾跳鼠种群数量与对照区差异并不显著。因此，不育剂EP-1对3种荒漠啮齿动物优势种群数量增长均具有控制作用，尤其对子午沙鼠种群的持续控制效果更加明显。可见，种群在繁殖期年龄结构的变化是影响其种群数量动态的重要因素。Mid-day gerbils （Meriones meridianus）, desert hamsters （ Phodopus roborovskii） and three-toed jerboa （ Di- pus sagitta） are the dominant rodents in the Alashan Desert region of Inner Mongolia, China. These species not only have caused huge damage to grassland production, but also been the channel for transmitting human plagues in the above region when their numbers became excessive. Therefore, the focus was on how to control the growth of their populations. From 2011 to 2012, treatment and control areas were setup. We used EP - 1 （levonorgestrel-quinestrol）, the steriliiy com- pound, conducting contrast experiments on wild populations of dominant rodent for anti-fertility resulting from a single bai- ting with EP - 1 in spring in the Alashan Desert, Inner Mongolia. The results show that, in the treatment area, juvenile recruitment significantly declined in 2011, and the proportions of juveniles of desert hamsters （Phodopus roborovskii） fluc- tuated significantly compared with those in the control area from May to June （P 〈 0. 05）. The proportions of adults of Mid-day gerbils （Meriones meridianus） and three-toed jerboa （Dipus sagitta） significantly increased from May to August and from June to August, respectively （P 〈 0. 05 ）, which significantly decreased densities of dominant populations in the treatment area during the first year. In the experimental area, the populations densities of Mid-day gerbils and deserthamsters declined significantly compared with the control area during their two reproduction-peaks （P 〈 O. 05）, and the population density of three-toed jerboa also was remarkably decreased from April to May （ P 〈 0.05）. In the following year, in the treatment area, the proportions of adults of Mid-day gerbils were significant higher than in the control area from May and Jaly （P 〈 0. 05）, and the annual population density of Mid-day gerbils declined significantly compared with the control area （P 〈 0. 05）. Such results show that EP-1 was a g

关 键 词：EP-1 啮齿动物 不育控制 种群动态 荒漠 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]