“做”的语法化  

Grammaticalization of Zuo

作　　者：赵日新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言研究所,100084 [2]清华大学中文系,100083

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2013年第6期46-54,共9页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

摘　　要：本文根据文献和方言材料讨论泛义动词"做"的组配功能及其语法化。文章例举"做"的组配情况,从"做"作为连谓结构前项与后项分别阐述其虚化为介词的过程和动因,并指出"做"省略宾语直接用在动词前是"做"副词用法的产生根源。"做"作为构词语素,有的是"做(动词)+宾语"的词汇化,有的是"做(介词)+宾语"的词汇化。文章最后对连谓结构与汉语介词、副词、助词、唯补词/体标记等形成的关系进行了简要分析。Based on the historical documents and dialect documents, the paper discusses zuo＇s combining functions and grammaticalization. By analyzing the structure ＂zuo ＋VP＂ and the structure ＂verb＋zuo＂, it finds out the process and movitation of zuo grammatical- izing to a preposition, and also points out the origin of zuo grammaticalizing to an adverb is zuo appearing in the structure ＂zuo ＋VP＂ in which zuo ＇s object isn＇t absence. There are two ways for zuo to delexicalize to a morpheme. One is derived from the structure ＂zuo （verb） ＋object＂. The other is derived from the structure ＂zuo （preposition）~ object＂. At last, the paper briefly analyzes the relationship between serial verb construction and some function words, for example preposition, adverb, aspect marker, and so on.

关 键 词：“做” 虚义动词 语法化 组配功能 连谓结构 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]