从心理学视角探讨膜拜教徒自杀类型及其归因机制  

Types and Mechanisms of Suicide among Cult Members from a Psychological Point of View

作　　者：陈青萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院

出　　处：《世界宗教文化》2013年第5期18-22,120,共5页The World Religious Cultures

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目:"构建膜拜团体社会预警体系与运行机制研究"(编号:11XZJ017);教育部人文社会科学研究课题:"陕西省邪教流行原因-心理演变机制-社会预警模式研究"(编号:10YJEXLX001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文采用社会支持评定、一般自我效能、心理控制源、状态特质焦虑这四项心理测验工具,对30名膜拜教徒进行了调查和访谈,结果显示膜拜教徒的心理测验数据均与常模有显著性差异,从而揭示其高自杀行为的心理活动背景因素。膜拜教徒的社会功能不足诱发逃避式、传染式和工具式自杀;自我效能感错乱诱发夸大式、殉道式和被动式自杀;情绪障碍诱发恐惧式、焦虑式和神经质式自杀;归因方式不良诱发宿命式、受虐式和扩大式自杀。干预模式主要采用:社会模式、心理模式和平衡模式。Four psychological testing tools(Social Support Rating Scale,General Self-Efficacy,Locus of Control and State-Trait Anxiety) are used to interview and study 30 cult members.The results show that their psychological testing data are significantly different from those of the ordinary model,thus revealing the psychological reasons for their high suicide rate.Lack of social function can lead to suicides as escape or tool,or infected behavior.Dysfunction of self-efficacy tends to induce suicides of exaggeration,sacrifice or passivity.Emotional disorder can result in suicides out of terror,anxiety or neuroticism.Erroneous imputation may trigger suicides of fatalism,sadism and extension.Major modes of intervention include social,psychological and balanced approaches./r/n

关 键 词：破坏性 膜拜教徒 自杀 心理学分析 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]