宁夏2012年饮水型地方性砷中毒监测结果分析  

Monitoring results of drinking-water type endemic arsenic poisoning in Ningxia in 2012

作　　者：王学琴[1] 靳峰[1] 陈阿丽[1] 索芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2013年第5期358-359,共2页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的动态观测宁夏饮水型砷中毒病区病情变化趋势,综合评价防治措施落实效果,为及时调整防治措施提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部《2011年中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金疾病预防控制项目管理方案》,随机抽取病区监测村5个,开展饮用水砷含量、砷中毒病情及尿砷水平监测。结果监测的4个改水村的3个改水工程水砷含量全部合格,并检查了442人,砷中毒患者检出率为3.17%,检测了248例砷中毒病人尿砷含量,范围为0.001~0.055 mg/L;1个未改水村26户高砷暴露家庭水砷超标22户,超标率为84.62%,检查了饮用高砷水源的常住人口84人,砷中毒患者检出率为9.52%;检测60例砷中毒病人或正常人尿砷含量,范围为0.004~0.094 mg/L。结论 3个改水工程达标运行,1个未改水村水砷含量超标率严重,且砷中毒患者已出现中度病例,降砷改水工作迫在眉睫。Objective To observe the changing trend of drinking water-type arsenic poisoning,to comprehensively evaluate prevention effects and provide scientific basis for prevention and control.Methods According to the public health project of Ministry of Health management plan for disease prevention and control,which was supported financially by central government,randomly monitored 5 villages in endemic arsenism areas to monitor arsenic poisoning disease and urinary arsenic level.Results Three projects were qualified in the 4 villages where carried out water improvement projects,442 people were tested,and detection rate of arsenic poisoning was 3.17%,248 cases of arsenic poisoning patients were tested and the urine arsenic level ranked from 0.001 mg / L to 0.055 mg / L,in 1 village without carrying water improvement project,26 households exposing to arsenic and the water arsenic content of 22 households exceeded standard with over standard rate of 84.62%.Eighty-four residents drinking with high arsenic water were tested with the detection rate of 9.52%,urine arsenic level of 60arsenic poisoning patients and normal people were tested with the rank of 0.004 mg / L to 0.094mg / L.Conclusion Three water improvement projects ran well,and water arsenic content was far above the standard in 1 village without carrying water improvement project,and arsenic poisoning patients were tested in moderate degree,decreasing arsenic and water improvement project must be carried out immediately.

关 键 词：地方性砷中毒 水砷 监测 病情 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]