文化交流、传播与扩散的通道——以中国丝绸之路为例  

The channel of cultural exchange,spread and diffusion:A case study of the Silk Road in China

作　　者：薛东前[1] 石宁[1] 段志勇[1] 郭晶[1] 李玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期781-786,共6页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(10XJL0015)

摘　　要：通过对中国境内丝绸之路的探讨,为丝绸之路沿线区域的文化建设,文化资源的开发与整合提供有力的依据。采用时空结合的方法,按照历史时间序列并从构成文化的不同层面梳理丝绸之路上文化的交流与融合,然后从文化传播的方式、时空演变特征以及扩散类型3方面分析文化的空间扩散过程。文化传播的主要方式有商品贸易、人员往来、宗教传播、战争;传播路径随时间不断更替,表现出显著的时空演变特征。物质文化交流与传播主要通过贸易进行,受不同历史背景和商品特质的影响,沿用不同的路线,以接触扩散和迁移扩散类型为主;艺术文化以宗教传播为手段,多为浸染扩散类型;宗教文化在时空演变过程中表现为多宗教并存,外来宗教多沿西北丝绸之路进入西域地区与本地文化融合后再向东传入中原地区,扩散过程受社会环境、民族迁徙的影响很大,采用了等级扩散、浸染扩散、迁移扩散等多种扩散类型相融合的复杂扩散方式。Through the study of the Silk Road in China to provide a strong basis for regional cultural construction and cultural resource integration along the Silk Road. Using the space-time combination method, it explores the cul- tural exchange and difusion from different historical periods and cultural levels. Then the process of cultural spacial diffusion is analyzed from three aspects including cultural spread way, the character of time and space change and diffuse types. The main cultural spread ways are commodity trade, interpersonal communication, religion spread and wars; The spread routes change continuously and present obvious change character in time and space. Material cul- ture communication and propagation mainly relies on trade, follows different routes and takes contact diffusion and migration diffusion because of the influence of different historical background and the commodity characteristics. Art culture spreads by the religious communication and spread as the means, it mainly is impregnate diffusion type. In the process of time and spacial evolution, religion culture spread presents the character istis that multiple religions coexist, foreign religions mainly spread along the Northwest Silk Road, entering the ancient Western region and continued to spread from west to east after fusing the local culture. The diffusion process took the complex type which mixing together grade diffusion, disseminated diffusion, migration diffusion.

关 键 词：丝绸之路 文化交流 文化传播 文化扩散 

分 类 号：K928.7[历史地理—人文地理学]