闽南近海定置张网甲壳类渔获物组成及多样性分析  

Analysis on composition and biodiversity of crustacean catch by set net in Minnan coastal waters

作　　者：刘勇[1] 马超[1] 徐春燕[1] 沈长春[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《福建水产》2013年第5期355-361,共7页Journal of Fujian Fisheries

基　　金：东海区渔业资源动态监测;福建省水产研究所青年科技创新基金项目(014006)

摘　　要：根据2012年1—4月、7—12月监测调查资料,分析了闽南近海定置张网甲壳类渔获物种类组成及其多样性变化特点。结果表明:定置张网甲壳类有25种,隶属于2目8科15属。其中虾类16种、蟹类7种、虾蛄类2种。种类组成以对虾科最多,有5属9种。甲壳类占定置张网渔获物总重量的30.1%,总数量的84.0%。虾类在重量和数量上均占甲壳类的第一位。虾类在3—7月占甲壳类产量的76.7%以上;蟹类在8—11月占甲壳类产量的64.7%～88.0%;虾蛄盛产期为12月至翌年2月。甲壳类群落多样性指数和均匀度指数均以12月最高,4月最低,周年多样性指数总体处于较低水平。Crustacean samples taken month by month in 2012 with set net in the coastal waters of Zhangpu were analyzed. The results showed that there were 25 species of crustacean in this area, which belong to 2 or- ders, 8 families and 15 genera, including 2 squillas, 16 shrimps and 7 crabs. Species in Penaeidae family were the most abundant （5 genera 9 species） in the total numbers of crustacean species. The crustacean ac- counted for 30. 1% in the weight of set net catches, for 84.0% in the quantity. Shrimps accounted for the first one in crustaceans in terms of weight and quantity. Shrimps yield accounted for above 76.7% in crustace- ans from March to July. Crabs yield accounted for 64. 7% ~ 88.0% in crustaceans from August to November. The high yield mouths for squillas are December to February in next year. Both of Shannon - wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were highest in December, but lowest in April. The annual diversity index was at a lower overall level.

关 键 词：定置张网 甲壳类 种类组成 闽南近海 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]