福建省2004年至2012年流行性脑脊髓膜炎菌群分布变迁变化趋势分析  

Analysis of distribution and change trend of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis bacteria in Fujian province from 2004 to 2012

作　　者：李曲文[1,2] 江裕[3] 原灵[1,2] 陈爱平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001 [2]福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室,福建福州350001 [3]福建省福州市第二医院检验科,福建福州350001

出　　处：《实验与检验医学》2013年第5期431-433,共3页Experimental and Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的为了解流脑菌群在福建省的流行、分布及耐药状况,以便采取防止措施。方法我们于2004年-2012年对我省流脑病例咽拭子及脑脊液、密切接触者、健康人群咽拭子,依据流行性脑脊髓膜炎诊断标准和处理原则进行了流脑菌群的分布监测。结果共分离了脑膜炎奈瑟菌株70株。其中从流脑病人中分离脑膜炎奈瑟菌15株、密切接触者咽拭子分离脑膜炎奈瑟菌14株、健康人群咽拭子中分离脑膜炎奈瑟菌41株;分离到的70株脑膜炎奈瑟菌血清分布为A群27株(38.57%)、B群20株(28.57%)、C群22株(31.43%)、W135群1株(1.43%);对70株脑膜炎奈瑟菌做了药敏试验,敏感率依次为头孢唑啉100%、头孢呋辛100%、头孢噻肟100%、氯霉素100%,耐药率较高的为复方新诺明78.57%、阿莫西林80%。结论福建省流脑的病原学和血清学特征为多菌型并存着,菌株对于一些药物出现了耐药现象,有必要加强流脑疫苗的免疫接种和流脑病原学监测。Objective To understand the prevalence, distribution and drug resistance of the epidemic meningitis bacteria strains in Fujian province, in order to take preventive measures. Methods Based on the diagnostic criteria and principles of man- agement of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, we conducted distribution monitoring of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis bacteria. we collected throat swab and cerebrospinal fluid,from meningococcal meningitis cases and throat swab from close contacts, healthy population in our province from 2004 to 2012. Results A total of 70 Meningoeoceal strains were isolated, 15 strains from epi- demic cerebrospinal meningitis, 14 strains from throat swabs of close contacts, 41 strains from throat swabs in healthy population. The serum distribution of the isolated 70 strains of Neisseria meningitidis .was 27 strains of＇ serogroup A （38.57%）, 20 strains of serogroup B （28.57%）, 22 strains of serogroup C （31.43%）, 1 strain of W135 （1.43%）. The drug sensitivity test of 70 strains of Neisseria meningitidis were conducted. The sensitive rates to eefazolin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol were all 100%; the drug resis- tance rate to SMZ-TMP, and amoxicillin were 78.57% and 80%, respectively. Conclusion The study of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis shows pathogenic and serological characteristics of multiple bacteria coexisted in Fujian province, strains have devel- oped resistance to some drugs, it is necessary to improve the management of vaccine immunization and strengthen pathogen. surveillance of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis meningococcal.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 菌群分布 药敏试验 

分 类 号：R515.2[医药卫生—内科学] R378.15[医药卫生—临床医学]