华北地区气温日较差的时空特征和气候变化  

Spatial and temporal characteristics of diurnal temperature range in North China

作　　者：周杰[1] 邵海燕[2] 吴永萍[1] 胡经国[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225002 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期35-40,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430204);全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB955902);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(41105033)

摘　　要：为了研究全球变暖背景下华北地区四季气温日较差的时空特征,利用1961—2010年华北地区104站的逐日最低、最高气温资料,通过计算一元线性回归系数和趋势系数对这一问题进行分析.结果发现:四季气温日较差在1961—2010年间均呈现下降趋势,其中冬季最明显,夏季次之,秋季最不明显,导致该现象的直接原因是日最低气温的上升趋势大于日最高气温;日较差的长期趋势变化与日最低气温较一致,而日较差的年际变化则与日最高温度的变化较一致.各季多年平均气温日较差在内蒙古东北部出现最大值,且该区域附近梯度较大,其他地区则呈东北—西南向由北到南逐渐减小,这可能与地形分布有关;华北地区四季气温日较差年代际变化趋势均以下降为主,只有冬季在大兴安岭北部有明显的上升趋势,其他季节局部地区虽有上升趋势,但不明显.In this paper, using the daily minimum and maximum temperature of 104 stations in North China for 1961 2010 from the National Meteorological Information Center, the spatial distribution and the time series of the diurnal temperature range （DTR） under the global warming of North China in four seasons were analyzed based on mathematical statistics method, one-dimensional linear regression method and trend coefficient method. The results showed that the trends of the DTR in four seasons were all declining during 1961 2010, the downward trend of DTR in winter was the most obvious, followed by the trend in summer, and the downward trend of DTR in autumn was the least obvious. The direct reason of the downward trend of DTR may be the upward rates of the minimum temperature in four seasons are all larger than those of the maximum temperature. In addition, the long-term trend of DTR is consistent with that of the minimum temperature, while the inter-annual variation of DTR is consistent with that of the maximum temperature. The spatial distributions of annual average DTR in four seasons are consistent with the maximum range of daily temperature in the northeast of Inner Mongolia. In other areas, the DTR decreases along the direction from northeast to southwest, mainly because of the topographical differences. The distribution of trends of DTR shows that the downward trend is the main trend in four seasons. There is an upward trend only in winter in the north of Daxing＇anling. In other three seasons, only a slightly upward trend can be seen in some places.

关 键 词：气温日较差 华北地区 时空特征 

分 类 号：P423.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]