汾河流域中下游植物群落物种多样性与土壤因子的关系  

Interrelation between Plant Species Diversity and Soil Factors in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Fenhe River

作　　者：王慧敏[1] 张峰[2] 庞春花[1] 赵彩莉[1] 范晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004 [2]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第10期2077-2085,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：山西省软科学研究项目(2012041015-01);山西省留学基金项目(20100012);山西师范大学自然科学基金项目(SMYKZ-9);大学生创新实验项目(SD2012CXSY-32)

摘　　要：于2011年4~10月对汾河流域中下游33个样地128个样方的植被进行样地调查和土壤取样分析,并运用双向指示种分析（TWINSPAN）进行群落分类,用典范对应分析法（CCA）分析7种土壤因子与汾河流域中下游植物群落的分布关系,以揭示汾河流域中下游植被的物种多样性与土壤因子的关系。结果表明：（1）汾河流域中下游地区共发现植物121种,隶属33科81个属,其中以菊科、禾本科、藜科和蓼科植物最多,分别占总数的24.79%、14.05%、8.26%和7.43%,且芦苇的分布频率最高,达到49%。（2）双向指示种分析表明,汾河流域中下游33个样地分为8个群落类型（Ⅰ~Ⅷ）。（3）汾河流域中下游植物群落的Patrick丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数变化趋势相似,而Simpson指数则与Patrick丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数呈相反的变化趋势;Pielou均匀度指数的变化趋势与其他3个指数均不同。（4）汾河流域中下游土壤含水量、速效钾含量在不同群落类型的不同样地间的差异大部分达到显著水平,土壤养分具有比较明显的空间分布中度不均的特点。（5）汾河流域中下游地区的土壤有机质含量与物种Simpson指数以及土壤全氮与Pielou均匀度指数均具有显著负相关关系。（6）CCA排序结果表明,土壤含水量及速效磷、速效钾含量是影响植被群落分布最重要的环境因子。From May to October 2011,sample-plot survey and soil sampling analysis have been carried out in 128 quadrats of vegetation in 33 sample areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River.TWINSPAN was applied to classify the phytocoenosium,and canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） was used to analyze the distribution relation between soil factor and phytocoenosium,in order to reveal the relationship between species diversity and soil factor of phytocoenosium in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River.The results shows that：（1）In the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River,121 kinds of plants have been discovered which belong to 33 families and 81 genera,of which Compositae,Gramineae,Chenopodiaceae and Polygonaceae plants are the most,accounting for 24.79%,14.05%,8.26% and 7.43% of the total number,respectively.The distribution frequency of Phragmites australis is the highest which reaches to 49%.（2）TWINSPAN indicates that 33 sample areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River are divided into 8 coenotypes （Ⅰ~Ⅷ）.（3）Patrick richness index and Shannon-Wiener index variation tendency of phytocoenosium in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River are similar,while Simpson index shows a contrary tendency with the change pattern of Patrick richness index and Shannon-Wiener index;the variation tendency of Pielou evenness index is different from other three indexes.（4）Most of the content differences of soil water content and rapidly available potassium content in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River reach significant level among different sample areas of different coenotypes.The soil nutrients are characterized by apparent moderate nonuniform spatial distribution.（5）The content of soil organic matter and species Simpson index,soil total nitrogen and Pielou evenness index have significant negative correlation in the middle and lower reaches of the Fenhe River basin.（6）The result of CCA ranking demonstrates that soil water content,rapidly

关 键 词：汾河流域 植物群落 土壤因子 物种多样性 双向指示种分析 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]