对儿童家长社区预防接种健康教育需求的调查  

Survey of research on the health education demand of children＇s parents for vaccination in community

作　　者：陈晓艳[1] 李广茹[1] 张绍英[2] 韩健[3] 高捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学附属医院患者回访中心,唐山063000 [2]唐山市第八医院急诊科,063000 [3]河北联合大学冀唐学院临床医学系1部,063000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2013年第27期3329-3331,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：河北省卫生厅课题（20130386）

摘　　要：目的 了解儿童家长对社区卫生服务中心预防接种健康教育的需求,为开展优质的社区护理服务提供参考.方法 随机抽取2012年10-12月进行接种的402名儿童家长进行预防接种健康教育的需求问卷调查.结果 大专及以上学历家长对预防接种健康教育需求占94.36％,本地户籍家长对预防接种健康教育需求占90.21％,均高于其他学历和流动户籍家长,不同文化程度、不同户籍的家长对健康教育的需求比较差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为21.439 8,15.761 6;P＜0.01）；对疫苗接种后可能出现的不良反应和接种前后的注意事项需求率较高,分别为95.52％,95.03％；希望获得的健康教育途径有护士面对面的宣教76.87％,预防接种电话随访69.15％.结论 文化程度较低及流动儿童家长应作为健康教育的重点人群；应将疫苗接种后可能出现的不良反应及常见处理办法、疫苗接种的禁忌证及接种前后的注意事项等作为重点宣教内容；社区护士可采取多种途径对儿童家长进行健康教育.Objective To understand the health education demand of children＇s parents for vaccination in community service center,in order to provide a reference for carrying out high-quality community care services.Methods A total of 402 parents of children,who were vaccinated during October to December 2012,were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on the health education needs of vaccination.Results There were 94.36％ of parents with junior college or above and 90.21％ of parents with local household registration who demanded for the health education of vaccination,which were higher than those in parents with other education background and mobility household registration.There were statistically significant differences on the health education demand for vaccination among patients with different education levels and patients with different household registration （x2 =21.4398,15.7616,respectively; P ＜ 0.01）.Parents were more concerned about possible adverse reaction after vaccination and the precautions before and after vaccination （95.52％,95.03％,respectively）.On the health education methods,there were 76.87％ of parents who wanted to get face-to-face education,and 69.15％ of parents who wanted to get telephone follow-up education.Conclusions The parents of migrant children and lower education level should be as the major groups of health education on vaccination.The possible adverse reaction and common approach after vaccination,the vaccination contraindications and the precautions before and after vaccination should be as key education contents.Community nurses can take a variety of approaches for health education of children＇s parents.

关 键 词：健康教育需求 儿童家长 预防接种 社区服务中心 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]