亚洲地区人为气溶胶对东亚冬季风影响的研究  

Effects of anthropogenic aerosols over Asia on east Asian winter monsoon

作　　者：黄伟[1] 沈新勇[1,2] 黄文彦[1] 周顺武[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科学》2013年第5期500-509,共10页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB403405);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41075039;41175065);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目PAPD;江苏高等学校优秀科技创新团队科研计划资助项目

摘　　要：利用耦合化学过程的区域气候模式RegCM4.0,研究亚洲地区硫酸盐、黑碳和有机碳3种人为气溶胶的直接气候效应对东亚冬季风的影响;并运用相关分析与合成分析方法,研究了东亚人为气溶胶主要分布区中人为气溶胶浓度变化对东亚冬季风的影响。结果表明:人为气溶胶对东亚热带和副热带冬季风均起增强作用;人为气溶胶使得中国南方东部地区的冬季降水减少。2000—2007年,秋、冬季东亚人为气溶胶主要分布区中,人为气溶胶总体呈现减少的趋势,分别导致了东亚冬季风建立的推迟和东亚冬季风的减弱。相关分析和合成分析也表明:在东亚人为气溶胶主要分布区中的人为气溶胶柱浓度含量增加,东亚冬季风的建立提前并且东亚冬季风加强,反之亦然。人为气溶胶引起陆地地表降温,而对海洋温度几乎没有影响,使低层海陆温差加大,从而导致低层海陆气压差加大,东亚冬季风的增强可能与此有关。A regional climate model RegCM4.0 coupled with a chemistry module is employed to in vestigate the effects of three anthropogenic aerosols （sulfate, black carbon and organic carbon） over Asia on east Asian winter monsoon. Moreover the correlation analysis as well as composite analysis are used to analyze the effects of the change of anthropogenic aerosols concentration in the main anthropogenic aerosols distribution area in east Asia on east Asian winter monsoon. The results show that anthropogenic aerosols intensify both east Asian tropical and subtropical winter monsoon. Anthropogenic aerosols lead to the reduction of winter precipitation in the east of South China. Anthropogenic aerosols in the main distri bution area of east Asia showed a decreasing trend in autumn and winter from 2000 to 2007, which sepa rately led to the delaying of the establishment and the weakening of east Asian winter monsoon. Correla tion analysis as well as composite analysis also show that an increasing trend of anthropogenic aerosolscolumn burden in the main distribution area in east Asia in autumn and winter may make east Asian win ter monsoon strengthen and cause its onset in advance, and vice versa. The reasons for the strengthening of east Asian winter monsoon induced by anthropogenic aerosols may be explained as follows： the anthro pogenic aerosols induce the decrease of land surface temperature, but ahnost have no effect on sea surface temperature, so they induce the increase of lowlevel temperature difference between sea and land and lead to the increase of lowlevel pressure difference between sea and land.

关 键 词：人为气溶胶 东亚冬季风 直接气候效应 区域气候模式RegCM4 0 相关分析 

分 类 号：P461.8[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]