工程电介质本世纪的进展与21世纪的发展热点探讨  

Advances of Engineering Dielectrics in 20th Century And Discussing the Development Focus at 21st Century

作　　者：徐传骧[1] 刘辅宜[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气学院介电与功能材料研究所,西安710049 [2]中国电工技术学会工程电介质专业委员会,西安710049

出　　处：《电气电子教学学报》2000年第4期14-16,共3页Journal of Electrical and Electronic Education

摘　　要：电介质学科创建于 2 0世纪初 ,其学科内容包括介质极化、损耗、电导和击穿的研究。至世纪中叶 ,工业背景主要为电气绝缘技术。进入下半世纪 ,一方面 ,在高电压输电技术发展的推动下 ,合成高分子电介质迅速代替天然材料成为主要的研究与开发热点 ;另一方面 ,功能电介质(包括铁电、压电材料 )开始崭露头角 ,无线电技术为其应用背景。到世纪末 ,计算机及光电子信息技术的蓬勃发展 ,又推动电介质的研究开发进入到微波与光频波段。预测在新的世纪中 ,纳米材料技术将大大促进功能电介质的发展 ,并将给传统绝缘介质学科找到新的突破点 ;而包括极低频至光频波段的电介质理论和测试技术的发展成就将会在生物学科与技术领域起到举足轻重的作用。Dielectric Subjects had been established at the beginning of 20th century.As a branch ofacademic,it involved the research of the dielectric polarization,loss,conductance andbreakdown.Up to the middle of thecentury,the dielectric subjects had served to the electrical insulation technology.Turning into next half the century,the technology of high voltage transmit electricity forced its development and the synthesized macromolecule dielectrics started to replace rapidly savageness materials become into the focus of research and exploitation.The function dielectrics have started to make a figure and its application background was the radio technology.Coming th the last stage of the century,the studies of the dielectric branch have expanded to microwave and photo frequency band owing to the flourish progress of computer and photo electronic communication technologies.It is forecasted that the nanometre material technology would accelerate greatly the progress of the novel function dielectrics and would also help to find the new method of breakingthrough thetraditional insulation dielectric subjects.Moreover,the achievements of dielectric theory and measurement technologies fromlowest frequency to photo frequency would play a very important rule at the biology branches and technologies.

关 键 词：工程电介质 学科预测 电子信息 生物电介质 

分 类 号：TM21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]