减氮对华南早晚兼用型水稻源库特性的影响及其机理  

Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Source and Sink Characteristics of Early /Late Season Rice in South China and Their Mechanism

作　　者：莫钊文[1,2] 李武[3] 段美洋[1,2] 潘圣刚[1,2] 田华[1,2] 唐湘如[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642 [2]农业部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,广东广州510642 [3]广东省农业科学院作物研究所,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华北农学报》2013年第5期206-212,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14);广东省农业攻关重点专项(2006A20303001);广东省农业攻关项目(2004B20101007)

摘　　要：研究了大田条件下氮肥水平(常规施氮肥(187.5 kg/hm2)、减氮28%(135.0 kg/hm2)和不施氮肥(0 kg/hm2)对不同基因型水稻(粤晶丝苗2号、桂香占、华优8305和天优998)的源库特性的影响。结果表明,减氮不会导致华南早晚兼用型水稻产量显著降低在于其能维持或促进水稻的源库协调性。与常规施氮比较,减氮28%有利于提高粤晶丝苗2号、桂香占及华优8305的产量,增幅分别为11.99%,5.51%,6.46%,主要归因于减氮28%能增强后期叶片光合或茎鞘转运而有利于稳定高产形成。减氮28%有利于提高粤晶丝苗2号和桂香占库容和粒叶比,提高华优8305库容有效充实度,而对天优998无显著影响。Effects of N fertilizer （Conventional N （187.5 kg/ha）,reduction of N by 28%（135.0 kg/ha） and without N（0 kg/ha）） on rice sink and source characteristics were studied using four varieties （Yuejingsimiao 2, Guixiangzhan ,Huayou 8305 and Tianyou 998 ） in field experiment .Compared by conventional N ,reduction of N by 28%would maintain or promote the rice source and sink coordination ,which resulted in no significant decrease in yield.Reduction of N by 28%increased grain yield by 11.99%,5.51%and 6.46%for Yuejingsimiao 2,Guixian-gzhan and Huayou 8305 , rexpectively , due to enhancement of photosynthetic or the transfer ability of sheath and stem .Reduction of N by 28%improved sink capacity and ratio of spikelets No .and leaf area in Yuejingsimiao 2 and Guixiangzhan ,improved available filled ratio of sink in Huayou 8305 , while there was no significant difference in Tianyou 998 .

关 键 词：华南早晚兼用型水稻 产量 减氮 源库特性 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S143