2012年医院感染横断面调查分析  

Cross-sectional survey of nosocomial infections in 2012

作　　者：薛菊兰[1] 詹嘉琪 樊宏英[1] 邹正伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学附属第一医院感染管理办公室,湖北荆州434000 [2]湖北省中医药高等专科学校,湖北荆州434007

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第21期5146-5148,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省荆州市科技发展计划基金项目(20121PE1-5)

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染管理现状,为持续质量改进提供依据。方法按照省医院感染监测中心统一要求,对2012年7月25日0∶00-24∶00所有住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查。结果 1360例住院患者中有60例患者发生了63例次感染,医院感染现患率为4.41%、例次感染率为4.63%;其中手术科与非手术科医院感染现患率分别为2.59%、6.11%,例次感染率为分别为2.74%、6.39%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染部位以呼吸道感染居首,其次为胃肠道感染,分别占69.85%、6.35%,手术科则以手术切口感染和腹腔感染次之;调查当日抗菌药物使用率为50.96%,其中手术科和非手术科使用率分别为61.22%和39.94%,均以治疗性用药和一联用药为主;主要检出的病原体为大肠埃希菌、葡萄球菌属,分别占17.46%和12.70%。结论通过横断面调查,了解到医院感染管理的现状及管理的薄弱部门,为持续质量管理和改进提供了依据和方向。O1KIECTIVE To understand current status of control of nosocomial infections so as to provide barns Ior continuous quality improvement. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted for the nosocomial infections in the patients who were hospitalized between 0 = 00 and 34 = 00 on Jul 25, 2012 according to the unified requirements of the provincial surveillance center for nosocomial infections. RESULTS Of totally 1360 cases of hospitalized patients, the nosoeomial infections occurred in 60 cases （63 case-times） with the prevalence rate of 4.41% and the case-time infection rate of 4.63% the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was 2.59% in the surgery department, 6.11% in the non-surgery departments the case--time infection rates were 2.74 % and 6.39 %, respectively, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Among the infection sites, the respiratory tract ranked the first ptace （69.85 %）, followed by the gastrointestinal tract （6.35 %） ; among the surgical sites of infections, the surgical incision and the abdominal cavity were followed. The utilization rate of antibiotics on the survey day was 50.96%, which was 61.22% in the surgery department and 39. 94% in the non-surgery department, the therapeutic medication and one-drug medication were dominant. The Escherichia coli and Staphylococci were the predominant species of pathogens isolated, accounting for 17.46% and 12.70%, respectively. CONCLUSION The cross-sectional survey contributes tO the understanding of the current status of infection control and the defects of control department, which provides guidance for the continuous quality improvement.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 调查分析 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]