老年患者医院感染危险因素及临床分析  

Clinical analysis of risk factors for nosocomial infections in elderly patients

作　　者：纪文秀[1] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄石市第二医院老年病科,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第21期5171-5172,5175,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析老年病科患者医院感染的发生情况,探讨其危险因素及临床特点,减少老年患者医院感染的发生。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2011年12月老年病科1100例患者的临床资料。结果老年病科患者医院感染率为10.73%,感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占53.4%,其次为泌尿道和消化道,分别占19.5%和15.3%;共检出病原菌175株,革兰阴性菌102株占58.2%,革兰阳性菌47株占26.9%,其中MRSA有14株,主要病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、白色假丝酵母菌;感染发生与年龄、住院时间、原发疾病等因素相关。结论老年患者医院感染率高,积极治疗原发病,控制相关危险因素,合理使用抗菌药物,能有效减少医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infections in the patients of geriatrics department and explore the risk factors and clinical characteristics so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the elderly patients. METHODS The clinical data of 1100 cases of patients who were hospitalized the geriatrics department from Jan 2010 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The incidence rate of nosocomial infections was 10.30 % in the geriatrics department. Among the cases of infections, the cases of lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 53.4%, the cases of urinary tract infections 19.5%, the cases of gastrointestinal tract infections 15.3%. A total of 175 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 102（58.2%） strains of gramnegative bacteria and 47 （26. 9%） strains of gram-positive bacteria; there were 14 strains of MRSA; the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans were the predominant species of pathogens. The incidence of infections was related to the age, length of hospitalization, and primary diseases. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of nosocomial infections is high in the elderly patients and can be effectively reduced through active treatment of primary disease, control of related risk factors as well as reasonable use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：医院感染 老年患者 感染因素 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]