老年患者发生艰难梭菌相关性腹泻的调查  

Incidence of Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhea in elderly patients

作　　者：潘君素 梁军兵[2] 李隆祥 张茵[1] 叶舒婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]台州市立医院呼吸科,浙江台州318000 [2]台州市中心医院检验科,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第21期5176-5177,5180,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：台州学院科研基金项目(2010QN41)

摘　　要：目的了解老年住院患者艰难梭菌相关性腹泻的发生率及其危险因素,为临床诊治及采取积极有效的预防提供依据。方法运用艰难梭菌培养和PCR检测毒素基因A和B的方法,对住院腹泻的老年患者作艰难梭菌相关性腹泻诊断,采用回顾性调查分析其危险因素。结果 832例老年患者共有93例发生艰难梭菌相关性腹泻,发生率11.2%,其基础疾病以慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重、重症肺炎、肺炎为最常见,发生率分别为16.9%、12.5%和12.1%。女性患者发生率为13.2%,较男性患者的发生率9.6%高;抗菌药物的使用以β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类运用最多和最广泛。结论艰难梭菌相关性腹泻在老年患者中发生率较高,加强艰难梭菌感染的认识,防止交叉感染。OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and risk factors for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in elderly inpatients so as to provide bases for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODt By means of the culture of C. difficile and test of toxin genes A and B through PCR, the hospitalized elderly patients with diarrhea were diagnosed for C. difficile-associated diarrhea, then the retrospective survey was conducted to analyze risk factors. RESULTS Of totally 832 cases of elderly patients investigated, the C. difficile-associated diarrhea occurred in 93 cases with the incidence rate of 11.2%; the execration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe pneumonia, and pneumonia were the most common underlying diseases, the incidence rates were 16.9%, 12.5%, and 12.1%, respectively; the incidence rate of C. difficile-associated diarrhea in the female patients was 13.2%, higher than 9.6% in the male patients. The β-lactams, quinolones, and macrolides were the most frequently used antibiotics. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of C. difficile-associated diarrhea is high in the elderly patients ; it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of C. difficile infection so as to prevent cross infection.

关 键 词：艰难梭菌 腹泻 老年患者 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]