机插密度与施氮量对超级杂交籼稻准两优527群体质量及产量形成的影响  

Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Application Rate on Population Quality and Yield Formation of Super Indica Hybrid Rice Zhunliangyou 527 under Mechanized Transplanting Conditions

作　　者：武彪[1] 冯跃华[1] 刘翔[2] 刘永国[2] 李云[1] 王小艳[1] 纪洪亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]绥阳县农业局,贵州绥阳563300

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2013年第5期75-80,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160263);贵州省科技重大专项计划项目(黔科合重大专项字[2011]6012-1);贵州省农业科技攻关项目[黔科合NY(2011)3085号];贵州省科学技术基金项目[黔科合丁字(2011)2139号]

摘　　要：在机插条件下,研究了不同栽插密度和施氮量对超级杂交籼稻准两优527群体质量及产量形成的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,水稻株高、最高茎蘖数、叶面积指数、有效穗数、每穗总粒数、总颖花量、干物质积累量和产量均有增加的趋势;随着栽插密度的降低,水稻有效穗数、千粒重、总颖花量、穗前干物质积累量、总干物质积累量、茎鞘物质输出率与转换率和产量均有增加的趋势,而结实率呈降低趋势,粒叶比呈先增后减趋势。合理配置栽插密度和施氮量才能获得较高产量,在本试验条件下,实现水稻最高产量的栽插密度和施氮量组合为18.1万穴/hm2、178.5 kg/hm2,最高产量可达12.50 t/hm2。The effects of planting density（PD） and nitrogen application rate（N rate） on the population quality and yield formation of Zhunliangyou 527,a super indica hybrid rice variety,under mechanized transplanting conditions.The results showed that plant height（PH）,the number of maximal tillers（MT）,leaf area index（LAI）,the number of effective panicles（EP）,the number of spikelets per panicle（SPP）,the number of spikelets per hectare（SPH）,the amount of dry matter accumulation（DMA） and grain yield（GY） increased with the increment of N rates;With the decrease of PD,EP,1 000-grain weight（TGW）,SPH,DMA before heading,total DMA,transportation percentage of the dry matter in stem and sheath,transformation percentage of the dry matter in stem and sheath and GY increased while seed-setting rate（SSR） decreased,but grain-leaf ratio（GLR） increased firstly and then decreased.It is concluded that the highest yield can only be achieved when an optimal combination of PD and N rate is employed.In this research,the optimal combination was PD at 181 000 hills / hm2and N rate at 178.5 kg / hm2,with the highest theoretical GY at 12.50 t/hm2.

关 键 词：机插水稻 施氮量 栽插密度 群体质量 产量 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学] S223.91