DNA合成技术及应用  

DNA synthesis methods and applications

作　　者：王霞[1] 赵鹃[1] 李炳志[1] 程景胜[1] 元英进[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《生命科学》2013年第10期993-999,共7页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)(2012AA02A708)

摘　　要：DNA从头合成技术是指以寡核苷酸链为起始的合成DNA片段的技术，其不断进步是合成生物学快速发展的基石之一。常规使用的连接介导的DNA合成技术和PCR介导的DNA合成技术日益成熟，精确合成长度已经达到0．5—1kb。微阵列介导的DNA合成技术不断发展，其低成本、高通量的特点吸引了人们的注意；而酵母体内DNA合成技术的成功探索也为体外DNA合成提供了一种补偿方法。DNA合成在优化密码子用于异源表达、构建异源代谢途径、合成人工基因组以及合成减毒病毒用于疫苗研制等方面有广泛应用。综述了DNA从头合成技术的研究进展，并介绍了DNA合成的前沿应用。De novo DNA synthesis technologies refer to synthesizing DNA fragments from oligonucleotides. The improvement of DNA synthesis technologies is one of the reasons for the rapid development of synthetic biology. The traditional ligation-mediated DNA synthesis and PCR-mediated DNA synthesis are increasingly mature, and DNA can be synthesized in length of 0.5-1 kb in accuracy using these methods. Microarray-mediated DNA synthesis has recently attracted attention due to low cost and high throughput. The successful exploration of DNA synthesis in yeast provides a compensation method for synthesis in vitro. DNA synthesis has been applied widely, including codon optimization for heterologous expression, construction of heterogenous metabolic pathways, synthesis of artificial genomes, and synthesis of attenuated artificial virus for vaccine research. Here we summarized the research progress in de novo DNA synthesis methods and the advanced applications of DNA synthesis.

关 键 词：DNA从头合成 基因组合成 合成生物学 

分 类 号：O621.3[理学—有机化学] Q812[理学—化学]