松辽平原春玉米高产农田土壤有机碳特征  

Soil Organic Carbon Characteristics in High-yield Spring Maize Croplands in Songliao Plain,Northeast China

作　　者：李翠兰[1] 张晋京[1] 高强[1] 王青贺[1] 冯国忠[1] 刘淑霞[1] 王立春[2] 赵兰坡[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究中心,长春130124

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第5期159-163,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B02;2013BAC09B01);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB118600);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003);吉林省科技引导计划项目(201205057);吉林省教育厅"十二五"科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字2013第64号)

摘　　要：以松辽平原中部吉林省梨树县的春玉米高产示范田为对象,应用化学分析和固态13 C核磁共振(NMR)技术,研究土壤有机碳及其组分含量和组成特征,并与邻近的农民常规生产田(对照田)进行比较。结果表明,与常规生产的对照田相比,高产农田土壤中总有机碳、水溶性有机碳、易氧化有机碳、颗粒有机碳、胡敏酸碳和富里酸碳含量均较高;<1mm各粒级干团聚体以及<2mm各粒级水稳性团聚体有机碳含量通常也较高;高产农田土壤胡敏酸(HA)通常含有较低比例的烷基碳和烷氧碳以及较高比例的芳香碳和羰基碳,其腐殖化程度和脂族化程度较低而疏水化程度较高。上述结果说明,高产培育措施在提高土壤有机碳含量的同时,也改善了土壤有机质组分的品质。The contents and compositions of organic carbon and its fractions in soils from the high-yield spring maize croplands located at Lishu county,Jilin province,the middle of Songliao plain,were studied by chemical analysis and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）technique.The soils from the adjacent conventional croplands were designated as control for comparative purpose.Compared with the control,the contents of total organic carbon,water-soluble organic carbon,easily oxidized organic carbon,particulate organic carbon,and humic and fulvic acid carbon in soils of high-yield croplands all increased.The soil organic carbon contents of1 mm dry aggregates and 2 mm water-stable aggregates in the high-yield cropland were generally higher than that in the control.In general,humic acids（HA）from high-yield cropland soils contained lower proportions of alkyl carbon and O-alkyl carbon and larger proportions of aromatic carbon and carbonyl carbon compared with the control.The degrees of humification and aliphaticity of HA were lower,while their hydrophobicity degree in the high-yield cropland soil was higher than that in the control soils.The above results indicated that high-yield cultural operations could not only increase the contents of organic carbon,but also improve the quality of organic matter fraction in soil.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 有机碳组分 胡敏酸 固态13C核磁共振 高产春玉米 

分 类 号：S153.621[农业科学—土壤学]