植物体内活性氧的研究及其在植物抗逆方面的应用  

Research of Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants and Its Application on Stress Tolerance

作　　者：薛鑫[1] 张芊[2] 吴金霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2013年第10期6-11,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

摘　　要：活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)是植物有氧代谢的副产物,同时环境胁迫也会使植物细胞中积累大量的活性氧。低浓度的活性氧可以作为信号分子存在,诱导防御基因的表达和植物对环境的适应反应。当逆境胁迫迫使植物细胞中产生大量活性氧时,就会导致细胞内的大分子物质及其他组分受损,阻碍植物的正常代谢和生长,甚至死亡。植物体内存在活性氧清除机制,可以在一定范围内维持活性氧的平衡。研究表明,利用植物体内自身的活性氧清除机制可以提高植物的抗逆性。对当前植物活性氧的研究动态进行概述,同时对植物活性氧清除机制在提高植物抗逆性方面的应用进行探讨。The ROS （ Reactive oxygen species ） is a plant byproduct of aerobic metabolism, environmental stress also makes a large amount of a ROS accumulate in plant ceils. Low concentrations of ROS can exist as a signaling molecule to induce the expression of defense genes and plant adaptation to the environment reaction. When the stress force in plant cells produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species, it will cause damage to intracellular macromolecules and other components, to impede normal plant metabolism and growth, and even death. Plants existence of active oxygen scavenging mechanism, the balance can be maintained within a certain range of reactive oxygen species. Studies have shown that the plants active oxygen scavenging mechanism can improve the resistance of plants. In this paper, an overview of the current dynamic of Reactive Oxygen Species, at the same time explore the application of plant active oxygen scavenging mechanism in improving plant stress resistance.

关 键 词：活性氧 植物 抗逆性 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]