林木容器育苗底部渗灌技术研究现状与展望  

Current Development and Prospect on Sub-irrigation in Container Cultivation of Forest Trees

作　　者：祝燕[1] 刘勇[1] 李国雷[1] 蒋乐[1] 许飞[1] 史文辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2013年第5期47-52,共6页World Forestry Research

基　　金：948计划项目(2012-4-66);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(TD2011-08)

摘　　要：林业苗圃容器育苗采用上方喷灌易造成水分浪费、养分淋溶流失及环境污染。容器苗底部渗灌技术是利用育苗基质毛细管作用从容器下方吸收水分对苗木进行灌溉。该系统由储水箱、水泵、施水槽等设备形成水分封闭回流系统,可实现灌溉水循环利用,是一种有效管理容器苗水肥的方法。文中介绍了容器苗底部渗灌技术形成背景与系统组成,并从苗木质量、水肥利用效率、基质EC值和pH值以及病虫害等方面对容器苗底部渗灌系统进行评述,同时对该技术的深入研究和应用提出了展望。Traditional overhead irrigation system that most nurseries have used causes heavy water waste, nutrient leaching and environment pollution. Sub-irrigation is an effective method whereby water is moved upward into the growing medium by capillary action allowing water to be reused within the closed-circuit loop. This method may produce high quality seedlings while reducing environmental and financial costs through resource conservation. Based on the latest researches, the paper introduced the background of sub-irrigation system formation and its components, and reviewed the effects of sub-irrigation in terms of seedling quality, water and fertilizer use efficiency, EC and pH in the medium and potential disease damage. In addition, this paper suggested some valuable considerations to facilitating future sub-irrigation studies and applications for foresters.

关 键 词：容器苗 底部渗灌 苗木质量 水分利用效率 肥料利用效率 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]