大学生BMI与身体素质指标的相关性  

BMI and health-related physical fitness in Henan undergraduate students

作　　者：杨梦利[1] 娄晓民[1] 彭玉林[2] 王瑞娟[1] 李岚[2] 郭蔚蔚[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生教研室,河南450001 [2]河南省教育厅体育卫生与艺术教育处

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第9期1093-1095,1098,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析河南省大学生体质量指数（BMI）与身体素质的关系,为探讨近年来我国青少年身体素质下降的原因提供参考。方法利用2010年河南省学生体质健康调研数据,依据BMI标准将人群分为低体重、正常体重和超重肥胖组。计算身体素质指标（50 m跑、立定跳远、仰卧起坐、耐力跑和坐位体前屈）的Z分,5项Z分之和为身体素质指数（PFI）。研究BMI与各项体能指标以及PFI的关系。结果河南省大学生BMI总体分布在14.69-33.49 kg/m2,76.84%的大学生处于正常范围（18.5-24 kg/m2）。肺活量、握力随BMI升高而增大,经过体重校正后的肺活量指数和握力指数则相反。男生3个体重组（低体重组、正常体重组和超重肥胖组）的PFI均值分别为-0.84,0.16,-1.86。男生的PFI、立定跳远、引体向上、1 000 m跑、坐位体前屈不同体重组间的差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）;两两比较显示,低体重组、正常体重组身体素质指标均优于超重肥胖组。PFI与BMI呈现负相关（r=-0.105,P〈0.05）,肺活量、握力与BMI呈正相关（P值均〈0.05）,引体向上/仰卧起坐、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、耐力跑、50 m跑、肺活量指数和握力指数均与BMI呈现负相关（P值均〈0.05）。结论 BMI与大学生的身体素质密切相关,且低体重组、正常体重组身体素质优于超重肥胖组。Objective To analyze the relationship between BMI and physical fitness among undergraduate students in Henan Province,and to provide reasons to the falling of the physical fitness among undergraduate students.Methods Use the data of students＇ physical health research about Henan Province of 2010.Z-scores based on sex-and age-specific means and standard deviations were calculated,and the sum of Z-scores for the five fitness tests was used as a PFI to find the relationship among BMI,physical fitness and PFI.Results The BMI were almost（76.84%） in the normal range.The plateau was 20.05.The boys＇ rate（6.54%） of obesity eand overweight was bigger than the girls＇（1.95%）.Vital capacity and grip strength increase following the increasing of BMI.The index of vital capacity and the index of grip strength reduce.The boys＇ mean of the three groups of PFI were-0.84,0.16 and-1.86;And the pull-up＇s were 4.3,5.4,3.2;And the 1 000-m run＇s were 262.9,254.0,267.4.The boys＇ PFI,standing long jump,pull-up,1 000-m run,sit and reach and the girls＇ sit-ups were different among the three groups.And the overweight obesity groups＇ were the worst.The PFI was negative correlated with BMI（r =-0.105）.Vital capacity,grip strength had been positive correlated with BMI.And pull-ups / sit-ups,standing long jump,endurance running and 50 meters run,sit and reach,the index of vital capacity and the index of grip strength were negative correlation.Conclusion There are close relationship between BMI and physical fitness among undergraduate students.The physical fitness index of the overweight obesity group is the worst of all.The physical fitness of undergraduate students＇ must improve when the rates of overweight obesity are reduced.

关 键 词：人体质量指数 身体素质 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]