基于生态效益的武汉城市圈土地利用结构优化  

RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZATION OF LAND USE STRUCTURE IN WUHAN URBAN AGGLOMERATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL BENEFIT

作　　者：向芸芸[1] 蒙吉军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2013年第10期1297-1304,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371097);国家科技支撑课题项目(2012BAC16B04)

摘　　要：满足生态安全的土地利用结构优化是协调社会经济发展与生态环境间矛盾、实现土地持续利用的有效途径。以武汉城市圈为研究区，基于2002~2009年土地利用变更调查汇总数据，引入土壤有机碳储量和土地利用绿当量两个生态指标，评价了城市圈发展不同阶段土地利用结构的生态效益；并通过TOPSIS模型对历年土地利用结构生态合理度进行了评价。在此基础上，以经济效益和生态效益的最大化为目标，构建了2020年多目标优化模型，获得了符合城市圈发展需求的土地利用结构优化方案，呈现“四增三减三稳定”的数量格局，且生态效益指标和生态合理度均呈正向的发展趋势；进而提出了土地资源可持续利用的建议。研究结果对武汉城市圈土地利用总体规划修编、土地利用调控方案的优化以及土地可持续利用具有重要指导意义。Land is an irreplaceable material basis and space vector for human survival and society development,which lays a solid foundation for the socio-economic activities. All the human activities will inevitably reflect in the structure of land use,and at the same time the change of land use structure will,in turn, affect the development of natural conditions as well as its social and economy development. Recently, with the development of society and increase of population, the contraction between human and land is standing out gradually. The inappropriate use of land use has an increasingly negative impact on carbon cycle of landscape ecosystem,and it is also the main human activity,only second to the burn of fossil fuel, that leads to the sharp increase of carbon dioxide in the air,accounting for the global change and imbalance of carbon cycle. Therefore, from the aspect of ecological security, how to gain a greater comprehensive output and accomplish the maximization of economy benefits, social benefits as well as ecology benefits through a proper land use, structure is an important way to solve, at least mitigate, the great contraction among land use, economy development and ecology environment. The construction of optimized land use pattern that meets the ecological benefits is an effective way to protect the limited land resources and coordinate the contradiction between the socio-economic development and eco-environment. Based on the land use and socio-economic data of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration from 2002 to 2009,this study introduces two ecological indicators,i, e. soil organic carbon stocks and land use green equivalent,as the measurement of its ecological benefits under the current land use structure. And the model of TOPSIS （technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution） is employed to evaluate the ecological rationality in each year. Then a multi-objective programming model of target year combining the maximization of economic and ecological benefits is built, and the Matlab optimization

关 键 词：土壤有机碳储量 绿当量 土地利用结构优化 多目标线性规划 TOPSIS模型 

分 类 号：P9[天文地球—自然地理学]