磷酸/硫酸氢铵混合分解瓮福磷矿的研究  

Decomposition of Wengfu phosphate ore by phosphoric acid / ammonium bisulfate mixtures

作　　者：丰长静 唐盛伟[1] 梁斌[1] 张涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《化学工程》2013年第10期50-53,57,共5页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21276163);国家自然科学基金重点项目(21336004)

摘　　要：通过间歇实验考察了搅拌速度、反应温度、磷酸含量、H3PO4/Ca5F(PO4)3摩尔比、NH4HSO4/Ca5F(PO4)3摩尔比和初始NH4HSO4含量等工艺条件对磷酸/硫酸氢铵混合分解贵州翁福磷矿的影响。结果表明:随着反应温度、NH4HSO4/Ca5F(PO4)3、初始NH4HSO4含量的增大,磷矿转化率呈现先增加后减小的趋势。优化的工艺条件为:搅拌速度为400 r/min,反应温度为65℃,磷酸含量为质量分数30%P2O5,H3PO4/Ca5F(PO4)3摩尔比为10,NH4HSO4/Ca5F(PO4)3摩尔比为6.5,溶液中初始NH4HSO4含量为质量分数3%SO3,在此条件下磷矿的转化率可达到95.0%。采用磷酸/硫酸氢铵混合分解磷矿可降低磷矿酸解所需的硫酸消耗量,同时降低后续氨中和过程的气氨消耗量,为实现氯碱、硫酸和肥料工业产业链的结合创造了条件。The decomposition of Wengfu phosphate ore by mixtures of phosphoric acid/ammonium bisulfate was studied in a batch reactor. The effects of different operation parameters, such as stirring speed, reaction temperature, the initial concentration of phosphoric acid or NH4HSO4 in the solution, the molar ratio of H3PO4 to Ca5F（ PO4） 3, the molar ratio of NHnHSO4 to CasF （PO4 ）3, on the decomposition were investigated. The results illustrate that a peak of the phosphate ore conversion with the increasing of reaction temperature or the increasing molar ratio of NH4HSO4 to CasF（PO4）3 or the increasing initial NH4HSO4 content was observed. The optimal reaction conditions are as follows： reaction temperature 65 ~C, stirring speed 400 r/rain, phosphoric acid content 30% （P205, mass fraction）, molar ratio of H3PO4 to CasF（PO4）3 10, the molar ratio of NHnHSO4 to CasF （PO4） 3 6.5, the initial content of NHnHSO4 3% （ SO3, mass fraction）, thus the conversion reaches 95.0%. The process of the decomposition of phosphate ore by the mixture of H3PO4/NH4HSO4 can decrease the consumption of HzSO4 in the classical decomposition process and also decrease the consumption of ammonia in the following neutralization process. This new process provides a very good way to combine the process of chlor-alkali industry, sulfuric acid industry and fertilizer industry.

关 键 词：磷酸 硫酸氢铵 磷矿 

分 类 号：TQ114.1[化学工程—无机化工]