太湖流域典型河流沉积物重金属污染特征及生态风险评价  

DISTRIBUTION AND POTENTIAL ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS OF TYPICAL RIVER IN TAIHU LAKE WATERSHED

作　　者：牛勇[1,2] 余辉[2] 张敏[1] 牛远[2] 刘倩[2] 姜岩[2] 邹忠睿[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430072 [2]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程》2013年第5期151-155,38,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大专项(2011ZX07101-001)

摘　　要：武宜运河位于太湖西部贯穿大部分太湖入湖河流,其重金属污染的研究,对太湖重金属污染来源,流域管理具有重要的意义。因此,2012年8月对武宜运河全程底质调查,分析了沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr等元素,通过地累积指数评价、相关分析、潜在生态风险评价以及相关研究对比分析,得出以下结论:1)Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr污染浓度均值为129.38,207.74,52.13,28.26,77.06 mg/kg,其中Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr均超过毒性参考值(TRV),Cu超标达800%。Zn、Pb、Cr在世界湖泊沉积物中微量金属的范围(WCTMEL)内,Cu超出144%,Ni略低于WCTMEL;2)Ni-Cr、Zn-Pb具有较好的同源性。且Cu、Zn污染较高,达到"中—强"和"强"污染级别,Pb污染级别其次,Ni、Cr污染级别较低或无污染。可以排除武宜运河携带Ni、Cr污染物进入入湖河网的可能;3)Cu为武宜运河生态风险主要贡献因子。需加强工业园区地段重金属污染控制,减少污染来源,加大武宜运河对连同入湖水系的清水补充。It was studied heavy metal of sediment collected from Wuyi Canal located in the west Taihu lake in Aug 2012.Several indicators,including Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni and Cr,etc,were consecutively monitored to investigate the distribution and sources of heavy metals（Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni,Cr）,as well as to assess the heavy metal contamination status.The results showed that： 1） The average contents of heavy metals Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni and Cr were 129.38,207.74,52.13,28.26,77.06 mg / kg,respectively.And average of the metals was higher than the TRV,especially Cu was beyond by 800%.The average content of Zn,Pb,Cr,except Cu was beyond 144%,Ni was under base line,within the scope WCTMRL.2） Significant correlation was observed among the tested metals,which indicated that these heavy metals share the same source.And the index of heavy metal Cu,Zn was the moderately to heavily contaminated（MHC）,Pb was the moderately contaminated（MC）.But the index of heavy metal Ni,Cr was the uncontaminated to moderately contaminated（UMC） or the uncontaminated（UC）,so it was impossible that the pollutant Ni and Cr of the Taihu Lake came from Wuyi Canal.3） The biggest factor contributing to ecological risk was Cu.And thereby,measures should be taken in industrial park to abate pollution and provide more clean water to Wuyi canal and interrelated water system.

关 键 词：太湖流域 武宜运河 沉积物 重金属 潜在生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4