二氧化锰微纳米球和微米棒的制备工艺优化及性能  

Preparation process optimization and properties of manganese dioxide micro/nano spheres and microrods

作　　者：张勇[1,2] 李光胤[1] 高海丽[1] 张建[3] 黄淑荣 王力臻 宋延华[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业学院材料与化学工程学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省表界面科学重点实验室,郑州450002 [3]中航飞机股份有限公司汉中飞机分公司机械动力公司,汉中723215 [4]中航飞机股份有限公司汉中飞机分公司精修站,汉中723215

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2013年第10期1353-1359,共7页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21001097);河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(2012HASTIT022);河南省科技厅基础与前沿技术研究项目(102300410107);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目(豫教高[2009]844号)

摘　　要：采用一种简便、快速和低温的水热法制备了超级电容器用Mn00微纳米球和微米棒粉体颗粒，并用正交试验和单因素实验对其制备工艺进行了优化。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和电化学测试，研究了所得材料的晶体结构、表面形貌和超电容性能．最佳合成工艺条件为：反应温度150℃，KMnO4／MnCl2摩尔比2．5：1．0，反应时间3h，填充率40％。该工艺下所制的样品为α-MnO2，且呈现出空心、表面多孔的微纳米球和微米棒形貌．微纳米球的直径约为0．2—0．8μm，微米棒的直径约为30nm、长约为5μm．在此条件下，所得样品在100、150、200、250和300mA·g^-1电流密度下，第5次的放电比电容分别为255、170、133、105和88F·g^-1，其等效串联电阻和电荷转移电阻分别为0．37和0．40Ω．MnO2 powders with micro/nano spheres simple, quick and low-temperature hydrothermal method and microrods for supercapacitors were synthesized via a Their preparation process was optimized by orthorhombic test and single factor experiment. The crystalline structure, surface morphology and supercapacitive properties of the as-prepared MnO2 powders were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical measurement. Experimental results show that the optimal reaction conditions are the reaction temperature of 150 ℃, the KMnO4/MnCl2 molar ratio of 2.5：1.0, the reaction time of 3 h, and the filling factor of 40%. Under the optimal conditions, the as-prepared MnO2 powders have typical α-MnO2 structure with hollow and porous micro/nano spheres and microrods. The α-MnO2 micro/nano sphere diameter is about from 0.2 to 0.8 μm, while the a-MnO2 microrods have the diameter of 30 nm and the length of 5 μm. The discharge specific capacitance of products at the 5th discharge cycle retains 255, 170, 133, 105 and 88 F.g-1 at current densities of 100, 150,200,250 and 300 mA.g-1, respectively. Moreover, the values of equivalent series resistance and charge transfer resistance decrease to 0.37 Ω and 0.40 Ω, respectively.

关 键 词：二氧化锰 微米球 纳米球 微米棒 水热合成 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TM533[电气工程—电器]