绵羊放牧方式及强度对围封恢复草场牧草细胞壁成分及营养价值的影响  

Effect of Sheep Grazing Methods and Intensities on Recovering Forage Cell Wall Components and Nutritive Value of Degraded Grassland by Enclosed

作　　者：塔娜[1,2] 德庆哈拉 那日苏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古家畜改良工作站农业部草原资源与生态重点开放实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古家畜改良工作站,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2013年第7期58-63,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目

摘　　要：选取内蒙古自治区典型草原区封育恢复中天然放牧草场,进行毛肉兼用细毛羊的暖季放牧试验。采用2×5完全随机试验设计,设定不同放牧方式(不放牧,连续放牧,四区、五区、六区轮牧)及2种放牧强度(1.0,1.4hm2/un.sh),运用酶分析方法分析比较了围封过程中放牧绵羊对封育草场牧草细胞壁成分月动态变化及营养价值的影响。结果表明,整个暖季放牧期内,不同放牧区牧草营养物质含量主要受到放牧方式的显著影响(P<0.05)。具体表现为,不放牧处理牧草细胞壁有机物(OCW)含量始终显著低于各放牧处理,不同放牧处理间没有明显差异;划区轮牧处理牧草始终保持着较高的消化性部分且显著高于连续放牧处理;不放牧处理牧草始终保持着较高的Oa和较低的Ob,而连续放牧处理与其相反,各轮牧处理间没有显著差异;轮牧处理总可消化养分(TDN)和代谢能(ME)含量较高,尤其在牧草生长旺盛期(八月份),六区轮牧放牧场牧草可利用营养物质含量最高,营养价值最高。The sheep grazing experiment was carried out in an Inner Mongolian enclosed recovery steppe of the natural grazing pastures in warm season to study the dynamic changes of forage cell wall constituents and nutrients value with the chemical assay and enzymatic analysis.The comparison of grazing systems （control,continuous grazing,4 plots rotational grazing,5 plots rotational grazing,and 6 plots rotational grazing） was made at two levels of grazing intensities （1.0,1.4 hm2/un.sh） to create 10 treatments and 34 pairs of sheep （ewes and their lambs） were grazed over a period of 4 months.The results showed,in the whole warm season,forage nutrition contents in different grazing groups were mainly affected by grazing systems significantly on recovering degraded grassland （P＜0.05）.Forage OCW contents in control were significantly higher than those in continuous and rotational grazing groups,then no obvious differences were shown between different rotational grazing groups.The forage high digestibility part （OCC＋ （）a） in rotational grazing treatment was obtained high and was significantly higher than continuous grazing treatment.Forage in control showed more Oa and less Ob,and continuous grazing treatment showed reverse trend.There was no obvious difference between forage Oa and Ob in rotational grazing groups respectively.The forages obtained higher TDN and ME in rotational grazing groups,especially in August.In the whole warm season,forages in 6 plots rotational grazing groups contained the highest nutrients and showed the highest nutritional value.

关 键 词：绵羊放牧 恢复草场 牧草细胞壁 划区轮牧 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]