木本植物试管苗玻璃化成因与控制研究进展  

Causes and Control of Vitrification on the Plantlets of Woody Plants

作　　者：刘霞[1] 孙冲[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2013年第5期93-97,共5页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划林业项目(2006BAD03A01)资助

摘　　要：玻璃化是非受伤胁迫条件下试管苗的一种生理病变,试管苗的玻璃化,严重影响了微体快速繁殖的效率。综述国内外研究发现,木本植物试管苗玻璃化的形成,与培养基中糖(碳源)浓度、琼脂种类及浓度、离子(主要为Cu2+)含量、细胞分裂素、乙烯及生长素等因子有关;过氧化物酶-IAA氧化酶体系对乙烯释放的控制,苯丙氨酸解氨酶和酸性过氧化物酶活性降低对木质化过程进行的抑制以及纤维素、木质素的缺乏,细胞壁压的降低等,均使得细胞过分吸水,从而导致木本植物玻璃化的发生。国内外试管苗玻璃化的控制技术主要有:增加固体培养基中琼脂浓度和蔗糖含量;降低培养基中Cl-、NH4+的浓度及细胞分裂素含量,或向培养基中加入间苯三酚或根皮苷;材料需经低温处理并降低环境中的相对湿度。Vitrification is a physiological disease change under the non-injured stress conditions.The efficiency of the rapid micropropagation is severely affected by hyperhydricity during in vitro culture.It was indicated by the review of relevant literature both at home and abroad that the formation of vitrification in testtube plantlets of woody plant tissue culture was related to a serial of factors such as the concentration of sucrose （carbon source） in the medium,the varieties and concentration of agar,ion content （mainly for Cu2＋）,cytokinins,ethylene and auxin.The release control of ethylene by peroxidase-IAA oxidase system,the lignification inhibition by the decrease of phenylalanine ammonialyase （PAL） and acidic peroxidase activity,lack of cellulose and lignin,reduction of the wall pressure could all cause excessive water absorption of the cells,which could result in vitrification of woody plantlets.The main domestic and international techniques to control the vitrification included to increase agar concentration and sugar content in the medium,to reduce the ion concentration （Cl-,NH4＋） and the concentration of Cytokinins,or to add phloroglucinol or phlorizin to the medium.The explant materials should be treated under low temperature and the environmental relative humidity should be reduced.

关 键 词：木本植物 组织培养 试管苗 玻璃化 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]