污水处理厂恶臭气体健康风险评估  

Health Risks Assessment of Odor Gases from Sewage Treatment Plant

作　　者：王秀艳[1] 易忠芹[1] 王钊[1] 高爽[1] 金陶胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《土木建筑与环境工程》2013年第5期50-54,共5页Journal of Civil,Architectural & Environment Engineering

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201009034;201109004);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(10ZCGYSF02000)

摘　　要：2011年和2012年夏季在天津市纪庄子污水处理厂进行恶臭气体监测,通过GC-MS分析恶臭气体的浓度及恶臭指数,同时选取24名(男11名,女13名)被试者佩戴HOLTER进行急性暴露实验,评估其健康风险。实验共检测出67种恶臭物质,格栅处恶臭气体浓度最高,以硫化物和含氧化合物为主;格栅处的急性暴露实验结果显示被试者血压反应正常,最快心率明显偏高,且多出现于现场测试时段,HRV参数值均偏离正常范围,表明受恶臭气体刺激被试者交感神经活动增强;对污泥脱水间恶臭气体进行致癌和非致癌风险评估可知,二氯甲烷和苯存在潜在致癌风险,恶臭非致癌危害指数HI小于1,其非致癌健康风险在可接受范围内。The compositions of odor gases in Jizhuangzi sewage treatment plant of Tianjin in the summer of 2011 and 2012 were monitored by GC-MS. Meanwhile 24 subjects （11 male, 13 female） were selected for acute exposure experiment by HOLTER. 67 kinds of odors were detected out, the concentration of odor gases emitted from grid was the highest, sulfide and oxygen-contained were major species of odor gases~ the acute exposure experiment at the grid showed that blood pressure reacted normal, maximum heart rate was significantly higher than normal value, mostly in the field test period, while the HRV parameters all deviated from normal range, which indicated that malodorous gases induced the subjects＇ sympathetic nerve activity. According to health risks assessment of odor gases from sewage treatment plan, methylene chloride and benzene of malodorous gases in the sludge dewatering had potential risk, non-carcinogenic hazard index （HI） was less than 1, within an acceptable range.

关 键 词：污水处理厂 恶臭 心率变异性 健康风险 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]