农户合作行为形成与发展——基于新制度经济学视角的案例分析  

Formation and Development of Farmer Households' Cooperative Behavior——A Case Study from Perspective of New Institutional Economics

作　　者：宋金田[1] 祁春节[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第6期44-52,共9页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项(CARS-27-07B);教育部博士点基金项目"中国农产品价格传导及其收益分配机制研究"(20110146110008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2011PY060)

摘　　要：阐述了一个农民专业合作社的形成过程,并从新制度经济学的视角分析影响该合作社形成的内在机制。结果表明:农户生产过程中的资产专用性,以及相应而来的交易过程中交易对象的机会主义行为是农户成立合作社的的主要动力;对农户来说,通过成立专业合作社可以提高农户市场谈判地位,降低运输成本,提高农产品市场竞争力,进而获得更多的收益,这是农户合作行为产生的内在诱因;农户成立合作社离不开政府引导和推动,单靠农户自发成立合作社将遭遇"集体的逻辑"的困境,政府的引导或者在一定程度上的行政强制手段,对合作社的成立及发展起着重要的推动作用。This paper explains the formation of a farmer professional cooperative and analyzes inner mechanism which influences such formation from the perspective of new institutional economics. The re- sult shows that asset specificity in the production process of farmer households and corresponding oppor- tunism of party to transaction in the process of transaction are the main driving forces for farmer house- holds to establish cooperatives. As for farmer households, establishment of cooperatives can improve their market positions in negotiation, reduce transport cost, improve market competitiveness of agricul- tural products, and obtain additional profits, which are the inner causes of farmer households to cooper- ate. Moreover, farmer households cannot establish cooperatives without guidance and promotion of gov- ernment. Because cooperatives established by farmer households will suffer from the dilemma of ＂collec- tive logic＂ , guidance or certain compulsive means of government are playing an essential role in establis- hing a farmer cooperative.

关 键 词：合作社 资产专用性 机会主义行为 交易成本 制度变迁 农户 柑橘 

分 类 号：F321[经济管理—产业经济]