论美国的实质性正当法律程序  

On the Substantive Due Process of Law in the United States

作　　者：王媛[1] 齐延平[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《法学论坛》2013年第6期133-140,共8页Legal Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点基地项目"当代中国的法制转型"(08JJD820173)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：美国联邦最高法院在原本是程序意义的"正当法律程序"条款中开掘出实质性维度,是美国社会进入自由资本主义阶段,意图摆脱固有法律束缚和政府规制实现经济自由发展的反应,是自由放任主义经济学理论、优胜劣汰的社会达尔文主义和契约自由的法学理论共同作用的结果。它的兴衰既是社会情势使然,又是司法能动与克制立场使然。它力图实现的并不是公民权利的绝对性和不受限制,而是公民权利尽可能少地受到政府的干预。The substantive due process of law, extracted by the U. S. Supreme Court from the ＂Due Process Clause＂ from the o riginal context of procedure, was the requirement of the society to get rid of the restrict of existing law and the regulation of the government, in order to achieve the free development of economy after the American society stepped into the period of competitive capitalism. It was derived from the Laissez faire economics theory, the Social Darwinism and legal theory of the freedom of con tract. The change of social situation, as well as the positive and negative attitude of judicial power, determined its prosperity and comedown. The goal of substantive due process of law theory was the less intervention on the civil rights from the government, rather than the absoluteness of civil rights.

关 键 词：实质性 正当法律程序 检验标准 公民权利 

分 类 号：D93[政治法律—法学]